**Status**: Box FG V2 + ExternalGuard 実装完了、hak_free_at routing は Phase 14-C に revert **Files Created**: 1. core/box/front_gate_v2.h (98 lines) - Ultra-fast 1-byte header classification (TINY/POOL/MIDCAND/EXTERNAL) - Performance: 2-5 cycles - Same-page guard added (防御的プログラミング) 2. core/box/external_guard_box.h (146 lines) - ENV-controlled mincore safety check - HAKMEM_EXTERNAL_GUARD_MINCORE=0/1 (default: OFF) - Uses __libc_free() to avoid infinite loop **Routing**: - hak_free_at reverted to Phase 14-C (classify_ptr-based, stable) - Phase 15 routing caused SEGV on page-aligned pointers **Performance**: - Phase 14-C (mincore ON): 16.5M ops/s (stable) - mincore: 841 calls/100K iterations - mincore OFF: SEGV (unsafe AllocHeader deref) **Next Steps** (deferred): - Mid/Large/C7 registry consolidation - AllocHeader safety validation - ExternalGuard integration **Recommendation**: Stick with Phase 14-C for now - mincore overhead acceptable (~1.9ms / 100K) - Focus on other bottlenecks (TLS SLL, SuperSlab churn) 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
384 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
384 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
# CURRENT TASK – Phase 14 (TinyUltraHot / C2/C3 Ultra-Fast Path)
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**Date**: 2025-11-15
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**Status**: ✅ TinyUltraHot 実装完了 (+21-36% on C2/C3 workloads), Phase 13 TinyHeapV2 = 安全な stub
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**Owner**: Claude Code → 実装完了
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---
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## 1. 全体の今どこ
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- Tiny (0–1023B):
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- Front: NEW 3-layer front (bump / small_mag / slow) 安定。
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- TinyHeapV2: 「alloc フロント+統計」実装済みだが、magazine 供給なし → hit 率 0%。
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- Drain: TLS SLL drain interval = 2048(デフォルト)。Tiny random mixed で ~9M ops/s レベル。
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- Mid (1KB–32KB):
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- GAP 修正済み: `MID_MIN_SIZE=1024` に下げて 1KB–8KB を Mid が担当。
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- Pool TLS ON デフォルト(mid ベンチ)で ~10.6M ops/s(System malloc より速い)。
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- Shared SuperSlab Pool (SP‑SLOT Box):
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- 実装完了。SuperSlab 数 -92%、mmap/munmap -48%、Throughput +131%。
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- Lock contention (Stage 2) は P0-5 まで実装済み、+2–3% 程度の改善。
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結論: Mid / Shared Pool 側は「研究目的としては一旦完了」。
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残りの大きな余白は **Tiny front(C0–C3)** と **一部 Tiny ベンチ (Larson / 1KB fixed)**。
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---
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## 2. Phase 14: TinyUltraHot Box (2025-11-15) ✅
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### 2.1 実装概要
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**ChatGPT Phase 14 戦略** - L1 dcache miss 攻撃:
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- **Problem**: perf stat で System malloc との比較
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- L1 dcache miss: 30x worse (2.9M vs 96K)
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- Instructions: 6.2x more (281M vs 45M)
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- Branches: 7.1x more (59M vs 8.3M)
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- **Solution**: C1/C2 (16B/32B) に特化した ultra-simple straight-line path
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- Target: ~60% of tiny allocations
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- Magazine-based (4 slots per class)
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- Single cache line TLS structure (64B aligned)
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- 5-7 instructions per alloc/free
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### 2.2 実装詳細
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**Box**: `TinyUltraHot` (L0 ultra-fast path, C2/C3 = 16B/32B only)
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**Files**:
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- `core/front/tiny_ultra_hot.h` (343 lines, self-contained)
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- `core/hakmem_tiny.c` (TLS + stats)
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- `core/tiny_alloc_fast.inc.h` (alloc hook)
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- `core/tiny_free_fast_v2.inc.h` (free hook)
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- `bench_random_mixed.c` (stats output added)
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**TLS Structure**:
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```c
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typedef struct {
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void* c1_mag[4]; // C2 (16B) magazine (32B)
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void* c2_mag[4]; // C3 (32B) magazine (32B)
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uint8_t c1_top, c2_top;
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// Statistics...
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} __attribute__((aligned(64))) TinyUltraHot;
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```
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**ENV Controls**:
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- `HAKMEM_TINY_ULTRA_HOT=0/1` - Enable/disable (default: 1)
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- `HAKMEM_TINY_ULTRA_HOT_STATS=0/1` - Print stats at exit
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**Class Mapping** (CRITICAL):
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- C0 = 8B (not covered)
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- C1 = ? (unknown)
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- **C2 = 16B** ← UltraHot C1
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- **C3 = 32B** ← UltraHot C2
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- C4+ = 64B+ (not covered)
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### 2.3 Performance Results
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**Fixed-Size Benchmarks** (100K iterations, 128 workset):
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| Size | Baseline | UltraHot ON | Improvement | Hit Rate |
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|------|----------|-------------|-------------|----------|
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| **16B (C2)** | 48.2M ops/s | 58.3M ops/s | **+20.9%** | 99.9% |
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| **32B (C3)** | 45.1M ops/s | 55.9M ops/s | **+23.9%** | 99.9% |
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**Extended C2/C3 Tests** (200K iterations, 256 workset):
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| Size | Baseline | UltraHot ON | Improvement |
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|------|----------|-------------|-------------|
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| **16B (C2)** | 40.4M ops/s | 55.0M ops/s | **+36.2%** |
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| **32B (C3)** | 43.5M ops/s | 50.6M ops/s | **+16.3%** |
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| 24B (C3) | 43.5M ops/s | 44.6M ops/s | +2.5% |
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**Random Mixed 256B** (100K iterations):
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- Baseline: 8.96M ops/s
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- UltraHot ON: 8.81M ops/s (-1.6%)
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- **Reason**: C2/C3 coverage = only 1-2% of workload
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- C1 alloc=45 (0.045%), free=820 (0.82%)
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- C2 alloc=828 (0.83%), free=1,567 (1.57%)
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- Size distribution: 16-1040B (C2/C3 = ~1.7% of range)
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- **Conclusion**: UltraHot overhead negligible on non-target workloads
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### 2.4 Design Decisions
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**Why C2/C3 only?**
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- Cover ~60% of tiny allocations (ChatGPT estimate for 16B/32B)
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- Small magazine (4 slots) fits in 1-2 cache lines
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- Size check trivial (size <= 16 / size <= 32)
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- Larger classes (C4+) have different access patterns
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**Why 4 slots per magazine?**
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- Target: 1 cache line (64B) for all state
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- C1 mag (32B) + C2 mag (32B) = 64B (first cache line)
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- Counters + stats in second cache line
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- Trade capacity for cache locality
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**Integration with existing layers**:
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- **L0** (fastest): TinyUltraHot (C2/C3 only)
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- **L1** (fast): TinyHeapV2 (C0-C3, 16 slots, Phase 13)
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- **L2** (normal): FastCache + TLS SLL
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- Fallback chain: L0 miss → L1 → L2
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### 2.5 Critical Bug Fix: Class Numbering
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**Issue**: Initial implementation assumed C1=16B, C2=32B
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- **Symptom**: 0% hit rate, alloc_calls registered but free_calls=0
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- **Root cause**: HAKMEM class numbering is C2=16B, C3=32B
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- **Discovery**: Ran TinyHeapV2 stats on 16B → showed [C2] hit rate
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- **Fix**: Changed checks from (class_idx==1||2) to (class_idx==2||3)
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- **Verification**: Hit rate → 99.9% after fix
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### 2.6 Next Steps (Optional)
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1. **perf stat validation**: Measure actual L1 dcache miss reduction
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2. **Larger magazines**: Test 8-16 slots if cache locality permits
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3. **C0/C4 coverage**: Extend to 8B/64B if beneficial
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4. **Adaptive enable**: Auto-detect workload characteristics
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**Current Recommendation**: Phase 14 COMPLETE ✅
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- C2/C3-heavy workloads: **+16-36% improvement**
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- Mixed workloads: Negligible overhead (<2%)
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- Magazine-based design proven effective
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- Ready for production use (default: ON)
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---
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## 3. TinyHeapV2 Box の現状 (Phase 13)
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### 3.1 実装済み (Phase 13-A – Alloc Front)
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- Box: `TinyHeapV2`(per-thread magazine front, C0–C3 用の L0 キャッシュ)
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- ファイル:
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- `core/front/tiny_heap_v2.h`
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- `core/hakmem_tiny.c`(TLS 定義 + 統計出力)
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- `core/hakmem_tiny_alloc_new.inc`(alloc hook)
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- TLS 構造:
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- `__thread TinyHeapV2Mag g_tiny_heap_v2_mag[TINY_NUM_CLASSES];`
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- `__thread TinyHeapV2Stats g_tiny_heap_v2_stats[TINY_NUM_CLASSES];`
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- ENV:
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- `HAKMEM_TINY_HEAP_V2` → Box ON/OFF。
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- `HAKMEM_TINY_HEAP_V2_CLASS_MASK` → bit0–3 で C0–C3 有効化。
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- `HAKMEM_TINY_HEAP_V2_STATS` → 統計出力 ON。
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- `HAKMEM_TINY_HEAP_V2_DEBUG` → 初期デバッグログ。
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- 振る舞い:
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- `hak_tiny_alloc(size)` が C0–C3 かつ mask OK のとき `tiny_heap_v2_alloc(size)` を先に試す。
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- `tiny_heap_v2_alloc`:
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- mag.top>0 なら pop(BASE を返す)→ `HAK_RET_ALLOC` で header + user に変換。
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- mag 空なら **即 NULL** を返し、既存 front へフォールバック。
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- `tiny_heap_v2_refill_mag` は NO-OP(refill なし)。
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- `tiny_heap_v2_try_push` は実装済みだが、まだ実際の free/alloc 経路から呼ばれていない想定で OK(Phase 13-B で使う)。
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- 現状の性能:
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- 16/32/64B fixed-size (100K) で ±1% 以内 → hook オーバーヘッドはほぼゼロ。
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- `alloc_calls` は 200K まで増えるが `mag_hits=0`(supply なしのため)。
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**要点:** TinyHeapV2 は「壊さず差し込めた L0 stub」。
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これから **supply をどう設計するか** が Phase 13-B の主題。
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---
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## 3. 最近のバグ修正・仕様調整(もう触らなくてよい箱)
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### 3.1 Tiny / Mid サイズ境界ギャップ修正(完了)
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- 以前:
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- `TINY_MAX_SIZE = 1024` / `MID_MIN_SIZE = 8192` で 1KB–8KB が誰の担当でもなく mmap 直行。
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- 今:
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- Tiny: `TINY_MAX_SIZE = 1023`(ヘッダ 1B 前提で 1023B まで Tiny)。
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- Mid: `MID_MIN_SIZE = 1024`(1KB–32KB を Mid MT が処理)。
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- 効果:
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- `bench_fixed_size_hakmem 1024B` が mmap 地獄から脱出 → Mid MT 経路で ~0.5M ops/s レベルに改善。
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- SEGV は解消。今残っているのは性能ギャップだけ(TinyHeapV2 とは独立)。
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### 3.2 Shared Pool / LRU / Drain 周り
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- TLS SLL drain:
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- `HAKMEM_TINY_SLL_DRAIN_INTERVAL` デフォルト = 2048。
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- 128/256B 固定サイズで A/B 済み。どちらも退化なく、むしろ +5〜+15% 程度の改善。
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- SP‑SLOT Box:
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- SuperSlab 数削減・syscall 削減は期待通り。
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- futex / lock contention は P0-5 まで対処済み(追加改善は高コスト領域として一旦後回し)。
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### 3.3 ✅ CRITICAL FIX: workset=128 Infinite Recursion Bug (2025-11-15)
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**Commit**: 176bbf656
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**Root Cause**:
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- `shared_pool_ensure_capacity_unlocked()` used `realloc()` for Shared Pool metadata allocation
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- `realloc()` → `hak_alloc_at(128B)` → `shared_pool_init()` → `realloc()` → **INFINITE RECURSION**
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- Triggered by high memory pressure (workset=128) but not lower pressure (workset=64)
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**Symptoms**:
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- `bench_fixed_size_hakmem 1 16 128`: infinite hang (timeout)
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- `bench_fixed_size_hakmem 1 1024 128`: worked fine (4.3M ops/s)
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- **Size-class specific**: C1-C3 (16-64B) hung, C7 (1024B) worked
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- Reason: Small allocations trigger more SuperSlab allocations → more metadata realloc → deeper recursion
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**Fix** (`core/hakmem_shared_pool.c`):
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- Replace `realloc()` with direct system `mmap()` for Shared Pool metadata
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- Use `munmap()` to free old mappings (not `free()`!)
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- **Breaks recursion**: Shared Pool metadata now allocated outside HAKMEM allocator
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**Performance** (before → after):
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- 16B / workset=128: **timeout → 18.5M ops/s** ✅ FIXED
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- 1024B / workset=128: 4.3M ops/s → stable (no regression)
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- 16B / workset=64: 44M ops/s → stable (no regression)
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**Testing**:
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```bash
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# Critical test (previously hung indefinitely)
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./out/release/bench_fixed_size_hakmem 10000 256 128
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# Expected: ~18M ops/s, instant completion
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```
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**Key Lesson**:
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- Never use allocator-managed memory for the allocator's own metadata
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- Bootstrap phase must use system primitives (mmap) directly
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- Workset size can expose hidden recursion bugs under memory pressure
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---
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## 4. Phase 13-B – TinyHeapV2: Supply 経路実装 ✅ 完了
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**Status**: 2025-11-15 完了
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**結果**: **Stealing 設計を採用(Mode 0 デフォルト)、32B で +18% 改善**
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### 4.1 実装完了内容
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1. ✅ **Free path supply 実装** (`core/tiny_free_fast_v2.inc.h`)
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- 2 つの supply モードを実装(ENV で A/B 可能):
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- **Mode 0 (Stealing)**: L0 が free を先に受け取る(デフォルト)
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- **Mode 1 (Leftover)**: L1 primary owner, L0 は「おこぼれ」
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2. ✅ **Alloc path hook 実装** (`core/tiny_alloc_fast.inc.h`)
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- `tiny_heap_v2_alloc_by_class(class_idx)` - 最適化済み(-47% 退化を +14% 改善に修正)
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- class_idx を直接受け取り、冗長な変換・チェックを削除
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3. ✅ **ENV フラグ完備**:
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- `HAKMEM_TINY_HEAP_V2` - Box ON/OFF
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- `HAKMEM_TINY_HEAP_V2_CLASS_MASK` - class 別有効化(bitmask)
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- `HAKMEM_TINY_HEAP_V2_LEFTOVER_MODE` - Mode 0/1 切り替え
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- `HAKMEM_TINY_HEAP_V2_STATS` - 統計出力
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### 4.2 A/B テスト結果(100K iterations, workset=128)
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| サイズ | Baseline (V2 OFF) | **Mode 0 (Stealing)** | Mode 1 (Leftover) |
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|--------|------------------|----------------------|------------------|
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| **16B** | 43.9M ops/s | **45.6M (+3.9%)** ✅ | 41.6M (-5.2%) ❌ |
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| **32B** | 41.9M ops/s | **49.6M (+18.4%)** ✅ | 41.1M (-1.9%) ❌ |
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| **64B** | 51.2M ops/s | **51.5M (+0.6%)** ≈ | 51.0M (-0.4%) ≈ |
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**統計**(Mode 0 @ 16B):
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- alloc_calls: 99,872
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- mag_hits: 99,872 (**100.0% hit rate**)
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- refill: 0(supply from free path のみ)
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### 4.3 設計判断:Stealing をデフォルトに採用
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**ChatGPT 先生の分析**(ultrathink 相談):
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1. **学習層との整合性 OK**:
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- 学習層は主に Superslab / Pool / Drain の統計を見る
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- L0 stealing は Superslab 側の carving/drain 信号を壊さない
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- 必要なら TinyHeapV2 の hit/miss カウンタを学習用フックとして追加すれば良い
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2. **Box 境界の整理**:
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- TinyHeapV2 は **front-only Box** として完結
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- 学習層には「Superslab/Pool の世界」と「L0/L1 の統計」を別々の箱として渡す
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- 性能 (+18%) > 厳格な Box 境界
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3. **推奨方針**:
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- **今は Stealing で性能を攻める**(Mode 0 デフォルト)
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- 学習層との整合は後続 Phase で必要に応じて調整
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**決定**: `HAKMEM_TINY_HEAP_V2_LEFTOVER_MODE=0` (Stealing) をデフォルトに採用。
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**根拠**: 32B で +18% の性能改善、学習層への影響は軽微。
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### 4.4 残タスク(後続 Phase)
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- [ ] **C0 (8B) の最適化**: 現在 -5% 退化 → CLASS_MASK で無効化を検討
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- [ ] **学習層統合**: 必要に応じて TinyHeapV2 の hit/miss/refill カウンタを学習用フックとして追加
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- [ ] **Random mixed ベンチ**: 256B mixed workload でも A/B テスト
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---
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## 5. 「今は触らない」領域メモ
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- Mid-Large allocator(Pool TLS + lock-free Stage 1/2):
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- SEGV 修正済み、futex 95% 削減、8T で +896% 改善。
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- 現時点では研究テーマとしては十分進んだので、Tiny に集中して OK。
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- Larson ベンチの 100x 差:
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- Lock contention / metadata 再利用の問題が絡む大きめのテーマ。
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- TinyHeapV2 がある程度形になってから、別 Phase で攻める。
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---
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## 6. まとめ(Claude Code 用の一言メモ)
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- **箱の境界**: TinyHeapV2 は「front-only L0 Cache Box」。Superslab / Pool / Drain には触らない。
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- **今すぐやること**: alloc 側からの「おこぼれ supply」を 1 箇所だけ差し込んで、統計と A/B を取る。
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- **free 側の統合**: 設計だけ整理しておき、実装は TinyHeapV2 の挙動を見てからで大丈夫。
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---
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## 4. Phase 15: Box Separation (2025-11-15) - Incomplete ⏸️
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### 4.1 Goal
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Eliminate mincore syscall overhead (13.65% CPU, 987 calls/100K) via Box Separation architecture.
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### 4.2 Implementation Status
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**Box headers完成、routing未完成(SEGV)**
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**Files Created**:
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1. **`core/box/front_gate_v2.h`** (98 lines) ✅
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- Ultra-fast 1-byte header classification ONLY
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- Domains: TINY (0xa0), POOL (0xb0), MIDCAND, EXTERNAL
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- Performance: 2-5 cycles
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- Same-page guard added (防御的プログラミング)
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2. **`core/box/external_guard_box.h`** (146 lines) ✅
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- ENV-controlled mincore safety check
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- ENV flags:
|
||
- `HAKMEM_EXTERNAL_GUARD_MINCORE=0/1` (default: 0 = OFF)
|
||
- `HAKMEM_EXTERNAL_GUARD_LOG=0/1`
|
||
- `HAKMEM_EXTERNAL_GUARD_STATS=0/1`
|
||
- Expected: Called 0-10 times in bench (if >100 → box leak)
|
||
- Uses __libc_free() to avoid infinite loop
|
||
|
||
**Routing (hak_free_at)**:
|
||
- ❌ Phase 15 routing incomplete (SEGV on page-aligned pointers)
|
||
- ✅ Reverted to Phase 14-C (classify_ptr-based, stable)
|
||
|
||
### 4.3 Issues Encountered
|
||
1. **Page-aligned pointer crash** (0x...000 & 0xFFF == 0)
|
||
- Box FG V2 missing same-page guard → fixed
|
||
- Still crashes on drain phase → deeper issue
|
||
|
||
2. **C7 (1KB headerless) misclassification**
|
||
- Box FG V2 cannot classify C7 (no 1-byte header)
|
||
- Requires registry lookup fallback
|
||
|
||
3. **mincore OFF unsafe**
|
||
- DISABLE_MINCORE=1 causes SEGV (invalid AllocHeader deref)
|
||
- mincore safety check is essential for mixed allocations
|
||
|
||
### 4.4 Performance (Phase 14-C Baseline)
|
||
**Current (mincore ON)**:
|
||
- Random Mixed 256B: **16.5M ops/s**
|
||
- mincore: 841 calls/100K iterations
|
||
- Stable, no crashes
|
||
|
||
**Target (mincore OFF)**:
|
||
- Expected: +15% (eliminate 13.65% CPU overhead)
|
||
- Reality: SEGV (unsafe AllocHeader access)
|
||
|
||
### 4.5 Next Steps (Deferred to Future Phase)
|
||
Phase 15 完全実装は次のフェーズで再挑戦:
|
||
1. **Mid/Large/C7 registry consolidation** - Unified lookup for MIDCAND
|
||
2. **AllocHeader safety** - Add header validation before deref
|
||
3. **ExternalGuard integration** - Proper libc delegation
|
||
|
||
**Current Recommendation**: Stick with Phase 14-C (stable, 16.5M ops/s)
|
||
- mincore overhead is acceptable for now (~1.9ms / 100K iterations)
|
||
- Focus on other bottlenecks (TLS SLL refill, SuperSlab churn)
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|