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hakorune/docs/design/using-and-dispatch.md
nyash-codex 34be7d2d79 vm/router: minimal special-method extension (equals/1); toString mapping kept 
mir: add TypeCertainty to Callee::Method (diagnostic only); plumb through builder/JSON/printer; backends ignore behaviorally

using: confirm unified prelude resolver entry for all runner modes

docs: update Callee architecture with certainty; update call-instructions; CURRENT_TASK note

tests: quick 40/40 PASS; integration (LLVM) 17/17 PASS
2025-09-28 01:33:58 +09:00

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Using Resolution and Runtime Dispatch — Design Overview (SSOT + AST, Phase‑15)

Purpose

  • Make name/module resolution deterministic at build time while keeping runtime dispatch only for plugin/extern paths.
  • Preserve the language surface (obj.method()) and guarantee it executes in prod without runtime fallbacks.

Key Principles

  • Single Source of Truth (SSOT): nyash.toml governs using packages/aliases.
  • Profiles: dev|ci|prod
    • prod: file‑using is rejected; only toml packages/aliases are allowed; AST prelude merge is required when using is present.
    • dev/ci: file‑using can be enabled via env; AST prelude merge on by default.
  • Static resolution at using time:
    • Strip using lines, collect prelude source paths, parse each to AST, and merge before macro expansion.
    • Materialize user box methods as standalone functions: Box.method/Arity.
    • Builder rewrites instance calls: obj.m(a) → call Box.m/Arity(obj,a).
  • Runtime resolution:
    • Plugin/extern dispatch remains dynamic.
    • User instance BoxCall fallback (VM) is disallowed in prod to catch builder misses; dev/ci may allow with WARN.

Environment Knobs (Summary)

  • Using system
    • NYASH_ENABLE_USING (default ON)
    • NYASH_USING_PROFILE={dev|ci|prod} (default dev)
    • NYASH_USING_AST=1|0 (dev/ci default ON; prod default OFF)
    • NYASH_ALLOW_USING_FILE=1|0 (default OFF; dev only when needed)
  • Builder
    • NYASH_BUILDER_REWRITE_INSTANCE=1|0 (default ON across profiles)
  • VM
    • NYASH_VM_USER_INSTANCE_BOXCALL=1|0 (default: prod=0, dev/ci=1)

Code Responsibilities

  • Using resolution (static)
    • Entry: src/runner/modes/common_util/resolve/resolve_prelude_paths_profiled
    • Core: collect_using_and_strip (SSOT enforcement, path/alias/package resolution, profile gates)
    • Consumers: all runners (VM, LLVM/harness, PyVM, selfhost) call the same helper to avoid drift.
  • Builder (lowering)
    • Instance→Function rewrite and method materialization live in src/mir/builder/*.
  • VM (runtime)
    • User Instance BoxCall fallback gate in src/backend/mir_interpreter/handlers/boxes.rs.

Testing Strategy

  • Prod safety: obj.method() works under prod with runtime fallback disabled (rewrite required).
    • Smoke: tools/smokes/v2/profiles/quick/core/oop_instance_call_vm.sh (prod + forbid VM fallback)
  • Using/AST parity: quick/integration call resolve_prelude_paths_profiled from all runner modes.

Future Small Refactors (non‑behavioral)

  • Factor a helper to parse prelude paths into ASTs (single place), and use it from all runners.
  • Add dev‑only WARN when a candidate Box.method/Arity is missing from module.functions during rewrite.