85 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
85 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
# Ny JSON IR v0 — Minimal Spec (Stage‑2)
|
||
|
||
Status: experimental but stable for Phase‑15 Stage‑2. Input to `--ny-parser-pipe`.
|
||
|
||
Version and root
|
||
- `version`: 0
|
||
- `kind`: "Program"
|
||
- `body`: array of statements
|
||
|
||
Statements (`StmtV0`)
|
||
- `Return { expr }`
|
||
- `Extern { iface, method, args[] }` (optional; passes through to `ExternCall`)
|
||
- `Expr { expr }` (expression statement; side effects only)
|
||
- `Local { name, expr }` (Stage‑2)
|
||
- `If { cond, then: Stmt[], else?: Stmt[] }` (Stage‑2)
|
||
- `Loop { cond, body: Stmt[] }` (Stage‑2; while(cond) body)
|
||
- `Break` (Stage‑3; exits current loop)
|
||
- `Continue` (Stage‑3; jumps to loop head)
|
||
- `Try { try: Stmt[], catches?: Catch[], finally?: Stmt[] }` (Stage‑3 skeleton; currently lowered as sequential `try` body only when runtime support is absent)
|
||
|
||
Expressions (`ExprV0`)
|
||
- `Int { value }` where `value` is JSON number or digit string
|
||
- `Str { value: string }`
|
||
- `Bool { value: bool }`
|
||
- `Binary { op: "+"|"-"|"*"|"/", lhs, rhs }`
|
||
- `Compare { op: "=="|"!="|"<"|"<="|">"|">=", lhs, rhs }`
|
||
- `Logical { op: "&&"|"||", lhs, rhs }` (short‑circuit)
|
||
- `Call { name: string, args[] }` (function by name)
|
||
- `Method { recv: Expr, method: string, args[] }` (box method)
|
||
- `New { class: string, args[] }` (construct Box)
|
||
- `Var { name: string }`
|
||
- `Throw { expr }` (Stage‑3; currently degrades to expression statement when runtime semantics are disabled)
|
||
|
||
CFG conventions (lowered by the bridge)
|
||
- If: create `then_bb`, `else_bb`, `merge_bb`. Both branches jump to merge if unterminated.
|
||
- Loop: `preheader -> cond_bb -> (body_bb or exit_bb)`, body jumps back to cond.
|
||
- Short‑circuit Logical: create `rhs_bb`, `fall_bb`, `merge_bb` with constants on fall path.
|
||
- All blocks end with a terminator (branch/jump/return).
|
||
|
||
PHI merging（Phase‑15 終盤の方針）
|
||
- MIR 生成層は PHI を生成しない（MIR13 運用）。If/Loop の合流は LLVM 層（llvmlite/Resolver）が PHI を合成。
|
||
- ループは既存 CFG（preheader→cond→{body|exit}; body→cond）の検出により、ヘッダ BB で搬送値の PHI を構築。
|
||
- 将来（LoopForm= MIR18）では LoopForm 占位命令から逆 Lowering で PHI を自動化予定。
|
||
|
||
Type meta (emitter/LLVM harness cooperation)
|
||
- `+` with any string operand → string concat path（handle固定）。
|
||
- `==/!=` with both strings → string compare path。
|
||
|
||
Special notes
|
||
- `Var("me")`: Bridge 既定では未定義エラー。デバッグ用に `NYASH_BRIDGE_ME_DUMMY=1` でダミー `NewBox{class}` を注入可（`NYASH_BRIDGE_ME_CLASS` 省略時は `Main`）。
|
||
- `--ny-parser-pipe` は stdin の JSON v0 を受け取り、MIR→MIR‑Interp 経由で実行する。
|
||
|
||
CLI/Env cheatsheet
|
||
- Pipe: `echo '{...}' | target/release/nyash --ny-parser-pipe`
|
||
- File: `target/release/nyash --json-file sample.json`
|
||
- Verbose MIR dump: `NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE=1`
|
||
- me dummy: `NYASH_BRIDGE_ME_DUMMY=1 NYASH_BRIDGE_ME_CLASS=ConsoleBox`
|
||
|
||
Examples
|
||
|
||
Arithmetic
|
||
```json
|
||
{"version":0,"kind":"Program","body":[
|
||
{"type":"Return","expr":{
|
||
"type":"Binary","op":"+",
|
||
"lhs":{"type":"Int","value":1},
|
||
"rhs":{"type":"Binary","op":"*","lhs":{"type":"Int","value":2},"rhs":{"type":"Int","value":3}}
|
||
}}
|
||
]}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
If with local + PHI merge
|
||
```json
|
||
{"version":0,"kind":"Program","body":[
|
||
{"type":"Local","name":"x","expr":{"type":"Int","value":1}},
|
||
{"type":"If","cond":{"type":"Compare","op":"<","lhs":{"type":"Int","value":1},"rhs":{"type":"Int","value":2}},
|
||
"then":[{"type":"Local","name":"x","expr":{"type":"Int","value":10}}],
|
||
"else":[{"type":"Local","name":"x","expr":{"type":"Int","value":20}}]
|
||
},
|
||
{"type":"Return","expr":{"type":"Var","name":"x"}}
|
||
]}
|
||
```
|
||
- `Break` / `Continue` are emitted when Stage‑3 gate is enabled. When the bridge is compiled without Stage‑3 lowering, frontends may degrade them into `Expr(Int(0))` as a safety fallback.
|
||
- `Try` nodes include optional `catches` entries of the form `{ param?: string, typeHint?: string, body: Stmt[] }`. Until runtime exception semantics land, downstream lowers only the `try` body and ignores handlers/finally.
|