tomoaki
c117a04035
Root cause: toString/stringify/str were being rewritten to Global/Method calls with class inference, causing Main.toString/0 to be called for primitives. Fix (Box-First + Legacy Deletion): 1. ✅ MIR Builder - toString normalization (special.rs) - ALWAYS emit BoxCall with method_id=0 for toString/stringify/str - Do NOT rewrite to Global(Class.str/0) or Method calls - DELETED 70+ lines of complex class inference logic - Primitive guard with method name filter (known.rs) 2. ✅ JSON Serializer - method_id output (mir_json_emit.rs) - Include method_id field in BoxCall JSON for LLVM 3. ✅ LLVM Backend - universal slot #0 support - Extract method_id from JSON (instruction_lower.py) - Box primitives via nyash.box.from_i64 (boxcall.py) - Invoke toString via plugin system with method_id=0 - ⚠️ TODO: Add nyash.integer.tostring_h to kernel Test Results: ✅ VM: local x = 1; print(x.toString()) → "1" (PASS) ✅ VM: array_length test (boxed Integer) → PASS ⚠️ LLVM: Compiles successfully, needs kernel function SSOT: slot_registry - toString is ALWAYS universal slot #0 Legacy Deleted: - special.rs: Complex class inference rewrite (~70 lines) - special.rs: Unique suffix fallback for toString - special.rs: Main box special handling Files changed: - src/mir/builder/rewrite/special.rs (try_early_str_like_to_dst) - src/mir/builder/rewrite/known.rs (primitive guards x4) - src/runner/mir_json_emit.rs (method_id serialization x2) - src/llvm_py/builders/instruction_lower.py (method_id extraction) - src/llvm_py/instructions/boxcall.py (slot #0 handler) - docs/reference/language/quick-reference.md (toString SSOT) 🎊 Generated with Claude Code Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
78 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
78 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
# Nyash Quick Reference (MVP)
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Purpose
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- One‑page practical summary for writing and implementing Nyash.
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- Keep grammar minimal; clarify rules that often cause confusion.
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Keywords (reserved)
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- control: `if`, `else`, `loop`, `match`, `case`, `break`, `continue`, `return`
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- decl: `static`, `box`, `local`, `using`, `as`
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- lit: `true`, `false`, `null`, `void`
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Expressions and Calls
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- Function call: `f(a, b)`
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- Method call: `obj.m(a, b)` — internally normalized to function form: `Class.m(me: obj, a, b)`
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- Default‑ON（P4）: Known 受信者かつ関数が一意に存在する場合に正規化（userbox 限定）。
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- それ以外（Unknown/core/user‑instance）は安全に BoxCall へフォールバック（挙動不変）。
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- 環境で無効化: `NYASH_REWRITE_KNOWN_DEFAULT=0`（開発時の切替用）。
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- バックエンド（VM/LLVM/Ny）は統一形状の呼び出しを受け取る。
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- Member: `obj.field` or `obj.m`
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Display & Conversion
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- Human‑readable display: `x.toString()`（推奨）
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- ユーザーBoxで表示をカスタムしたい場合は `str()` または `stringify()`（互換）を実装する。VMは `toString()` を `str()/stringify()` に再ルーティングする。
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- Debug表示（構造的・安定）: `repr(x)`（将来導入、devのみ）
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- JSONシリアライズ: `toJson(x)`（文字列）/ `toJsonNode(x)`（構造）
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Operators (precedence high→low)
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- Unary: `! ~ - weak` (`weak <expr>` produces a `WeakRef`; `weak(expr)` is invalid)
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- Multiplicative: `* / %`
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- Additive: `+ -`
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- Compare: `== != < <= > >=`
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- Logical: `&& ||` (short‑circuit, side‑effect aware)
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Semicolons and ASI (Automatic Semicolon Insertion)
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- Allowed to omit semicolon at:
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- End of line, before `}` or at EOF, when the statement is syntactically complete.
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- Not allowed:
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- Line break immediately after a binary operator (e.g., `1 +\n2`)
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- Ambiguous continuations; parser must Fail‑Fast with a clear message.
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Truthiness (boolean context)
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- SSOT: `reference/language/types.md`（runtime truthiness）
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- 実行上は `Bool/Integer/Float/String/Void` が中心。`BoxRef` は一部のコアBoxのみ許可され、その他は `TypeError`（Fail-Fast）。
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- `null` は `void` の別名（構文糖衣）。どちらも boolean context では `TypeError`。
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Equality and Comparison
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- SSOT: `reference/language/types.md`（`==`/`!=` と `< <= > >=` の runtime 仕様）
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- `==` の cross-kind は **`Integer↔Float` のみ**（精密ルール）。それ以外の mixed kinds は `false`（エラーではない）。
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- `< <= > >=` は `Integer/Float/String` の **同型同士**のみ（異型は `TypeError`）。
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String and Numeric `+`
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- SSOT: `reference/language/types.md`（runtime `+` 仕様）
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- `Integer+Integer` は加算、`Float+Float` は加算、`Integer↔Float` は `Float` に昇格して加算。
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- 文字列連結は **`String + String` のみ**。`"a"+1` / `1+"a"` は `TypeError`（暗黙 stringify なし）。
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- 文字列化して連結したい場合は明示的に `x.toString()` を使う。
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Blocks and Control
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- `if (cond) { ... } [else { ... }]`
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- `loop (cond) { ... }` — minimal loop form
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- `match (expr) { case ... }` — MVP (literals and simple type patterns)
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Using / SSOT
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- Dev/CI: file‑based `using` allowed for convenience.
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- Prod: `nyash.toml` only. Duplicate imports or alias rebinding is an error.
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Errors (format)
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- Always: `Error at line X, column Y: <message>`
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- For tokenizer errors, add the reason and show one nearby line if possible.
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Dev/Prod toggles (indicative)
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- `NYASH_DEV=1` — developer defaults (diagnostics, tracing; behavior unchanged)
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- `NYASH_ENABLE_USING=1` — enable using resolver
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- `NYASH_ENTRY_ALLOW_TOPLEVEL_MAIN=1` — allow `main` as top‑level entry
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Notes
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- Keep the language small. Prefer explicit conversions (`x.toInteger()`, `x.toString()`, `x.toBool()`) over implicit coercions.
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- Builder rewrites method calls to keep runtime dispatch simple and consistent across backends.
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