hakorune/src/mir/join_ir/lowering/simple_while_minimal.rs

//! Phase 188-Impl-1: Pattern 1 (Simple While Loop) Minimal Lowerer
//!
//! Target: apps/tests/loop_min_while.hako
//!
//! Code:
//! ```nyash
//! static box Main {
//!   main() {
//!     local i = 0
//!     loop(i < 3) {
//!       print(i)
//!       i = i + 1
//!     }
//!     return 0
//!   }
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! Expected JoinIR:
//! ```text
//! fn main():
//!   i_init = 0
//!   result = loop_step(i_init)
//!   return 0
//!
//! fn loop_step(i):
//!   exit_cond = !(i < 3)
//!   Jump(k_exit, [], cond=exit_cond)  // early return if i >= 3
//!   print(i)                          // body
//!   i_next = i + 1                    // increment
//!   Call(loop_step, [i_next])         // tail recursion
//!
//! fn k_exit():
//!   return 0
//! ```
//!
//! ## Design Notes
//!
//! This is a MINIMAL implementation targeting loop_min_while.hako specifically.
//! It establishes the infrastructure for Pattern 1 lowering, which will be
//! generalized in future phases.
//!
//! Following the "80/20 rule" from CLAUDE.md - get it working first, generalize later.

use crate::mir::join_ir::lowering::loop_scope_shape::LoopScopeShape;
use crate::mir::join_ir::{
    BinOpKind, CompareOp, ConstValue, JoinContId, JoinFuncId, JoinFunction, JoinInst, JoinModule,
    MirLikeInst, UnaryOp,
};
use crate::mir::ValueId;

/// Context passed from the host function to the Pattern 1 lowerer
pub struct Pattern1Context {
    /// The loop variable ValueId from the host function (e.g., ValueId(6) for `i`)
    pub loop_var: ValueId,
    /// ValueId allocator function
    pub value_allocator: Box<dyn FnMut() -> ValueId>,
}

impl Pattern1Context {
    /// Create a standalone context with hardcoded ValueIds (for backward compatibility)
    pub fn standalone() -> Self {
        let mut counter = 1000u32;
        Self {
            loop_var: ValueId(counter),
            value_allocator: Box::new(move || {
                counter += 1;
                ValueId(counter)
            }),
        }
    }
}

/// Lower Pattern 1 (Simple While Loop) to JoinIR
///
/// This is a minimal implementation for loop_min_while.hako.
/// It generates JoinIR that integrates with the host function's variable bindings.
///
/// # Phase 188-Impl-2: Host Variable Integration
///
/// This version accepts the host's loop variable ValueId and allocates fresh IDs
/// for intermediate values. This ensures the generated JoinIR connects properly
/// to the host function's variable bindings.
///
/// If called without a context (from legacy code), it uses standalone mode with
/// hardcoded ValueIds for backward compatibility.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `_scope` - LoopScopeShape (reserved for future generic implementation)
/// * `ctx` - Pattern1Context containing host variable bindings (or None for standalone)
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * `Some(JoinModule)` - Successfully lowered to JoinIR
/// * `None` - Pattern not matched (fallback to other lowerers)
pub fn lower_simple_while_minimal(
    _scope: LoopScopeShape,
    ctx: Option<Pattern1Context>,
) -> Option<JoinModule> {
    let mut ctx = ctx.unwrap_or_else(Pattern1Context::standalone);
    // Phase 188-Impl-1: Hardcoded JoinIR for loop_min_while.hako
    // This establishes the infrastructure. Generic implementation in Phase 188-Impl-2+.

    let mut join_module = JoinModule::new();

    // ==================================================================
    // Function IDs allocation
    // ==================================================================
    let main_id = JoinFuncId::new(0);
    let loop_step_id = JoinFuncId::new(1);
    let k_exit_id = JoinFuncId::new(2);

    // ==================================================================
    // ValueId allocation (Phase 188-Impl-2: Use host variable + allocator)
    // ==================================================================
    // Host's loop variable (e.g., ValueId(6) for `i`)
    let i_init = ctx.loop_var;

    // Allocate fresh IDs for local values
    let loop_result = (ctx.value_allocator)();
    let const_0_main = (ctx.value_allocator)();

    // loop_step locals
    let i_param = (ctx.value_allocator)();
    let const_3 = (ctx.value_allocator)();
    let cmp_lt = (ctx.value_allocator)();
    let exit_cond = (ctx.value_allocator)();
    let const_1 = (ctx.value_allocator)();
    let i_next = (ctx.value_allocator)();

    // ==================================================================
    // main() function
    // ==================================================================
    let mut main_func = JoinFunction::new(main_id, "main".to_string(), vec![]);

    // Phase 188-Impl-2: Skip i_init = 0 (host already initialized the variable)
    // The host's ValueId (i_init) is already bound to 0 in the host function

    // result = loop_step(i_init)  ← Use host's i directly
    main_func.body.push(JoinInst::Call {
        func: loop_step_id,
        args: vec![i_init],
        k_next: None,
        dst: Some(loop_result),
    });

    // return 0
    main_func.body.push(JoinInst::Compute(MirLikeInst::Const {
        dst: const_0_main,
        value: ConstValue::Integer(0),
    }));

    main_func.body.push(JoinInst::Ret {
        value: Some(const_0_main),
    });

    join_module.add_function(main_func);

    // ==================================================================
    // loop_step(i) function
    // ==================================================================
    let mut loop_step_func = JoinFunction::new(
        loop_step_id,
        "loop_step".to_string(),
        vec![i_param],
    );

    // exit_cond = !(i < 3)
    // Step 1: const 3
    loop_step_func
        .body
        .push(JoinInst::Compute(MirLikeInst::Const {
            dst: const_3,
            value: ConstValue::Integer(3),
        }));

    // Step 2: cmp_lt = (i < 3)
    loop_step_func
        .body
        .push(JoinInst::Compute(MirLikeInst::Compare {
            dst: cmp_lt,
            op: CompareOp::Lt,
            lhs: i_param,
            rhs: const_3,
        }));

    // Step 3: exit_cond = !cmp_lt
    loop_step_func
        .body
        .push(JoinInst::Compute(MirLikeInst::UnaryOp {
            dst: exit_cond,
            op: UnaryOp::Not,
            operand: cmp_lt,
        }));

    // Jump(k_exit, [], cond=exit_cond)
    loop_step_func.body.push(JoinInst::Jump {
        cont: k_exit_id.as_cont(),
        args: vec![],
        cond: Some(exit_cond),
    });

    // print(i)
    // Phase 188-Impl-1-E: Use Print instruction
    loop_step_func
        .body
        .push(JoinInst::Compute(MirLikeInst::Print {
            value: i_param,
        }));

    // i_next = i + 1
    // Step 1: const 1
    loop_step_func
        .body
        .push(JoinInst::Compute(MirLikeInst::Const {
            dst: const_1,
            value: ConstValue::Integer(1),
        }));

    // Step 2: i_next = i + 1
    loop_step_func
        .body
        .push(JoinInst::Compute(MirLikeInst::BinOp {
            dst: i_next,
            op: BinOpKind::Add,
            lhs: i_param,
            rhs: const_1,
        }));

    // Call(loop_step, [i_next])  // tail recursion
    loop_step_func.body.push(JoinInst::Call {
        func: loop_step_id,
        args: vec![i_next],
        k_next: None,  // CRITICAL: None for tail call
        dst: None,
    });

    join_module.add_function(loop_step_func);

    // ==================================================================
    // k_exit() function
    // ==================================================================
    let mut k_exit_func = JoinFunction::new(k_exit_id, "k_exit".to_string(), vec![]);

    // return 0 (Pattern 1 has no exit values)
    let const_0_exit = ValueId(3000);
    k_exit_func.body.push(JoinInst::Compute(MirLikeInst::Const {
        dst: const_0_exit,
        value: ConstValue::Integer(0),
    }));

    k_exit_func.body.push(JoinInst::Ret {
        value: Some(const_0_exit),
    });

    join_module.add_function(k_exit_func);

    // Set entry point
    join_module.entry = Some(main_id);

    eprintln!("[joinir/pattern1] Generated JoinIR for Simple While Pattern");
    eprintln!("[joinir/pattern1] Functions: main, loop_step, k_exit");

    Some(join_module)
}