hakorune/src/backend/llvm/compiler/codegen/mod.rs

use super::helpers::{as_float, as_int, map_type};
use super::LLVMCompiler;
use crate::backend::llvm::context::CodegenContext;
use crate::mir::function::MirModule;
use crate::mir::instruction::{ConstValue, MirInstruction, UnaryOp};
use crate::mir::ValueId;
use inkwell::context::Context;
use inkwell::{
    types::{BasicTypeEnum, FloatType, IntType, PointerType},
    values::{BasicValueEnum, FloatValue, FunctionValue, IntValue, PhiValue, PointerValue},
    AddressSpace,
};
use std::collections::HashMap;

// Submodules: helpers for type conversion/classification used by lowering
mod types;
use self::types::{
    classify_tag, cmp_eq_ne_any, i64_to_ptr, map_mirtype_to_basic, to_bool, to_i64_any,
};
mod instructions;

// --- Local helpers (refactor to keep compile_module slim) ---

fn sanitize_symbol(name: &str) -> String {
    name.chars()
        .map(|c| match c { '.' | '/' | '-' => '_', other => other })
        .collect()
}

fn build_const_str_map(f: &crate::mir::function::MirFunction) -> HashMap<ValueId, String> {
    let mut m = HashMap::new();
    for bid in f.block_ids() {
        if let Some(b) = f.blocks.get(&bid) {
            for inst in &b.instructions {
                if let MirInstruction::Const { dst, value: ConstValue::String(s) } = inst {
                    m.insert(*dst, s.clone());
                }
            }
            if let Some(MirInstruction::Const { dst, value: ConstValue::String(s) }) = &b.terminator {
                m.insert(*dst, s.clone());
            }
        }
    }
    m
}

fn lower_one_function<'ctx>(
    codegen: &CodegenContext<'ctx>,
    llvm_func: FunctionValue<'ctx>,
    func: &crate::mir::function::MirFunction,
    name: &str,
    box_type_ids: &HashMap<String, i64>,
    llvm_funcs: &HashMap<String, FunctionValue<'ctx>>,
) -> Result<(), String> {
    // Create basic blocks (prefix names with function label to avoid any ambiguity)
    let fn_label = sanitize_symbol(name);
    let (mut bb_map, entry_bb) = instructions::create_basic_blocks(codegen, llvm_func, func, &fn_label);
    let mut cursor = instructions::builder_cursor::BuilderCursor::new(&codegen.builder);
    cursor.at_end(func.entry_block, entry_bb);
    let mut vmap: HashMap<ValueId, BasicValueEnum> = HashMap::new();
    let mut allocas: HashMap<ValueId, PointerValue> = HashMap::new();
    let entry_builder = codegen.context.create_builder();
    entry_builder.position_at_end(entry_bb);
    let mut alloca_elem_types: HashMap<ValueId, BasicTypeEnum> = HashMap::new();
    let mut phis_by_block: HashMap<
        crate::mir::BasicBlockId,
        Vec<(ValueId, PhiValue, Vec<(crate::mir::BasicBlockId, ValueId)>)>,
    > = HashMap::new();
    // Snapshot of values at the end of each basic block (for sealed-SSA PHI wiring)
    let mut block_end_values: HashMap<crate::mir::BasicBlockId, HashMap<ValueId, BasicValueEnum>> = HashMap::new();
    // Build successors and predecessors map (for optional sealed-SSA PHI wiring)
    let mut succs: HashMap<crate::mir::BasicBlockId, Vec<crate::mir::BasicBlockId>> = HashMap::new();
    for (bid, block) in &func.blocks {
        let v: Vec<crate::mir::BasicBlockId> = block.successors.iter().copied().collect();
        succs.insert(*bid, v);
    }
    let mut preds: HashMap<crate::mir::BasicBlockId, Vec<crate::mir::BasicBlockId>> = HashMap::new();
    for (b, ss) in &succs {
        for s in ss { preds.entry(*s).or_default().push(*b); }
    }
    // Track sealed blocks to know when all preds of a successor are sealed
    let mut sealed_blocks: std::collections::HashSet<crate::mir::BasicBlockId> = std::collections::HashSet::new();
    // Bind parameters
    for (i, pid) in func.params.iter().enumerate() {
        if let Some(av) = llvm_func.get_nth_param(i as u32) {
            vmap.insert(*pid, av);
        }
    }
    // Gather block order once for fallthrough handling
    let block_ids: Vec<crate::mir::BasicBlockId> = func.block_ids().into_iter().collect();

    // Precreate phis
    for bid in &block_ids {
        let bb = *bb_map.get(bid).ok_or("missing bb in map")?;
        codegen.builder.position_at_end(bb);
        let block = func.blocks.get(bid).unwrap();
        for inst in block
            .instructions
            .iter()
            .take_while(|i| matches!(i, MirInstruction::Phi { .. }))
        {
            if let MirInstruction::Phi { dst, inputs } = inst {
                let mut phi_ty: Option<BasicTypeEnum> = None;
                if let Some(mt) = func.metadata.value_types.get(dst) {
                    phi_ty = Some(map_mirtype_to_basic(codegen.context, mt));
                } else if let Some((_, iv)) = inputs.first() {
                    if let Some(mt) = func.metadata.value_types.get(iv) {
                        phi_ty = Some(map_mirtype_to_basic(codegen.context, mt));
                    }
                }
                let phi_ty = phi_ty.unwrap_or_else(|| codegen.context.i64_type().into());
                let phi = codegen
                    .builder
                    .build_phi(phi_ty, &format!("phi_{}", dst.as_u32()))
                    .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
                vmap.insert(*dst, phi.as_basic_value());
                phis_by_block
                    .entry(*bid)
                    .or_default()
                    .push((*dst, phi, inputs.clone()));
                if std::env::var("NYASH_LLVM_TRACE_PHI").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                    let ty_str = phi
                        .as_basic_value()
                        .get_type()
                        .print_to_string()
                        .to_string();
                    let mut pairs: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
                    for (pb, vid) in inputs {
                        pairs.push(format!("({}->{})", pb.as_u32(), vid.as_u32()));
                    }
                    eprintln!(
                        "[PHI:new] fn={} bb={} dst={} ty={} inputs={}",
                        fn_label,
                        bid.as_u32(),
                        dst.as_u32(),
                        ty_str,
                        pairs.join(",")
                    );
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Map of const strings for Call resolution
    let const_strs = build_const_str_map(func);

    // Lower body
    let mut loopform_loop_id: u32 = 0;
    // Default sealed-SSA ON unless explicitly disabled with NYASH_LLVM_PHI_SEALED=0
    let sealed_mode = std::env::var("NYASH_LLVM_PHI_SEALED").ok().as_deref() != Some("0");
    // LoopForm registry (per-function lowering; gated)
    let mut loopform_registry: HashMap<crate::mir::BasicBlockId, (inkwell::basic_block::BasicBlock, PhiValue, PhiValue, inkwell::basic_block::BasicBlock)> = HashMap::new();
    let mut loopform_body_to_header: HashMap<crate::mir::BasicBlockId, crate::mir::BasicBlockId> = HashMap::new();
    // Per-function Resolver for dominance-safe value access (i64 minimal)
    let mut resolver = instructions::Resolver::new();
    for (bi, bid) in block_ids.iter().enumerate() {
        let bb = *bb_map.get(bid).unwrap();
        // Use cursor to position at BB start for lowering
        cursor.at_end(*bid, bb);
        if std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
            eprintln!("[LLVM] lowering bb={}", bid.as_u32());
        }
        let block = func.blocks.get(bid).unwrap();
        let mut defined_in_block: std::collections::HashSet<ValueId> = std::collections::HashSet::new();
        for inst in &block.instructions {
            match inst {
                MirInstruction::NewBox { dst, box_type, args } => {
                    instructions::lower_newbox(
                        codegen,
                        &mut cursor,
                        &mut resolver,
                        *bid,
                        &mut vmap,
                        *dst,
                        box_type,
                        args,
                        box_type_ids,
                        &bb_map,
                        &preds,
                        &block_end_values,
                    )?;
                    defined_in_block.insert(*dst);
                },
                MirInstruction::Const { dst, value } => {
                    let bval = match value {
                        ConstValue::Integer(i) => codegen.context.i64_type().const_int(*i as u64, true).into(),
                        ConstValue::Float(f) => codegen.context.f64_type().const_float(*f).into(),
                        ConstValue::Bool(b) => codegen.context.bool_type().const_int(*b as u64, false).into(),
                        ConstValue::String(s) => {
                            // Hoist string creation to entry block to dominate all uses.
                            let entry_term = unsafe { entry_bb.get_terminator() };
                            if let Some(t) = entry_term { entry_builder.position_before(&t); }
                            else { entry_builder.position_at_end(entry_bb); }
                            let gv = entry_builder
                                .build_global_string_ptr(s, "str")
                                .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
                            let len = codegen.context.i32_type().const_int(s.len() as u64, false);
                            let rt = codegen.context.ptr_type(inkwell::AddressSpace::from(0));
                            let fn_ty = rt.fn_type(&[
                                codegen.context.ptr_type(inkwell::AddressSpace::from(0)).into(),
                                codegen.context.i32_type().into(),
                            ], false);
                            let callee = codegen
                                .module
                                .get_function("nyash_string_new")
                                .unwrap_or_else(|| codegen.module.add_function("nyash_string_new", fn_ty, None));
                            let call = entry_builder
                                .build_call(callee, &[gv.as_pointer_value().into(), len.into()], "strnew")
                                .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
                            call.try_as_basic_value().left().ok_or("nyash_string_new returned void".to_string())?
                        }
                        ConstValue::Null => codegen.context.ptr_type(inkwell::AddressSpace::from(0)).const_zero().into(),
                        ConstValue::Void => codegen.context.i64_type().const_zero().into(),
                    };
                    vmap.insert(*dst, bval);
                    defined_in_block.insert(*dst);
                },
                MirInstruction::Call { dst, func: callee, args, .. } => {
                    instructions::lower_call(
                        codegen,
                        &mut cursor,
                        &mut resolver,
                        *bid,
                        func,
                        &mut vmap,
                        dst,
                        callee,
                        args,
                        &build_const_str_map(func),
                        llvm_funcs,
                        &bb_map,
                        &preds,
                        &block_end_values,
                    )?;
                    if let Some(d) = dst { defined_in_block.insert(*d); }
                },
                MirInstruction::BoxCall { dst, box_val, method, method_id, args, effects: _ } => {
                    instructions::lower_boxcall(
                        codegen,
                        &mut cursor,
                        &mut resolver,
                        *bid,
                        func,
                        &mut vmap,
                        dst,
                        box_val,
                        method,
                        method_id,
                        args,
                        box_type_ids,
                        &entry_builder,
                        &bb_map,
                        &preds,
                        &block_end_values,
                    )?;
                    if let Some(d) = dst { defined_in_block.insert(*d); }
                },
                MirInstruction::ExternCall { dst, iface_name, method_name, args, effects: _ } => {
                    instructions::lower_externcall(
                        codegen,
                        &mut cursor,
                        &mut resolver,
                        *bid,
                        func,
                        &mut vmap,
                        dst,
                        iface_name,
                        method_name,
                        args,
                        &bb_map,
                        &preds,
                        &block_end_values,
                    )?;
                    if let Some(d) = dst { defined_in_block.insert(*d); }
                },
                MirInstruction::UnaryOp { dst, op, operand } => {
                    instructions::lower_unary(
                        codegen,
                        &mut cursor,
                        &mut resolver,
                        *bid,
                        func,
                        &mut vmap,
                        *dst,
                        op,
                        operand,
                        &bb_map,
                        &preds,
                        &block_end_values,
                    )?;
                    defined_in_block.insert(*dst);
                },
                MirInstruction::BinOp { dst, op, lhs, rhs } => {
                    instructions::lower_binop(codegen, &mut cursor, &mut resolver, *bid, func, &mut vmap, *dst, op, lhs, rhs, &bb_map, &preds, &block_end_values)?;
                    defined_in_block.insert(*dst);
                },
                MirInstruction::Compare { dst, op, lhs, rhs } => {
                    let out = instructions::lower_compare(codegen, &mut cursor, &mut resolver, *bid, func, &vmap, op, lhs, rhs, &bb_map, &preds, &block_end_values)?;
                    vmap.insert(*dst, out);
                    defined_in_block.insert(*dst);
                },
                MirInstruction::Store { value, ptr } => {
                    instructions::lower_store(
                        codegen,
                        &mut cursor,
                        &mut resolver,
                        *bid,
                        &vmap,
                        &mut allocas,
                        &mut alloca_elem_types,
                        value,
                        ptr,
                        &bb_map,
                        &preds,
                        &block_end_values,
                    )?;
                },
                MirInstruction::Load { dst, ptr } => {
                    instructions::lower_load(codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, &mut vmap, &mut allocas, &mut alloca_elem_types, dst, ptr)?;
                    defined_in_block.insert(*dst);
                },
                MirInstruction::Phi { .. } => { /* precreated */ }
                _ => { /* ignore others */ }
            }
            // Snapshot end-of-block values
            let mut snap: HashMap<ValueId, BasicValueEnum> = HashMap::new();
            for vid in &defined_in_block { if let Some(v) = vmap.get(vid).copied() { snap.insert(*vid, v); } }
            block_end_values.insert(*bid, snap);
        }
        // Terminator handling
        if let Some(term) = &block.terminator {
            cursor.at_end(*bid, bb);
            match term {
                MirInstruction::Return { value } => {
                    instructions::emit_return(codegen, &mut cursor, &mut resolver, *bid, func, &vmap, value, &bb_map, &preds, &block_end_values)?;
                }
                MirInstruction::Jump { target } => {
                    let mut handled = false;
                    if std::env::var("NYASH_ENABLE_LOOPFORM").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") &&
                       std::env::var("NYASH_LOOPFORM_BODY2DISPATCH").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                        if let Some(hdr) = loopform_body_to_header.get(bid) {
                            if hdr == target {
                                if let Some((dispatch_bb, tag_phi, payload_phi, _latch_bb)) = loopform_registry.get(hdr) {
                                    let i8t = codegen.context.i8_type();
                                    let i64t = codegen.context.i64_type();
                                    let pred_llbb = *bb_map.get(bid).ok_or("loopform: body llbb missing")?;
                                    let z = i8t.const_zero();
                                    let pz = i64t.const_zero();
                                    tag_phi.add_incoming(&[(&z, pred_llbb)]);
                                    payload_phi.add_incoming(&[(&pz, pred_llbb)]);
                                    cursor.emit_term(*bid, |b| { b.build_unconditional_branch(*dispatch_bb).unwrap(); });
                                    handled = true;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if !handled {
                        instructions::emit_jump(codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, target, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
                    }
                }
                MirInstruction::Branch { condition, then_bb, else_bb } => {
                    let mut handled_by_loopform = false;
                    if std::env::var("NYASH_ENABLE_LOOPFORM").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                        let mut is_back = |start: crate::mir::BasicBlockId| -> u8 {
                            if let Some(b) = func.blocks.get(&start) {
                                if let Some(crate::mir::instruction::MirInstruction::Jump { target }) = &b.terminator {
                                    if target == bid { return 1; }
                                    if let Some(b2) = func.blocks.get(target) {
                                        if let Some(crate::mir::instruction::MirInstruction::Jump { target: t2 }) = &b2.terminator {
                                            if t2 == bid { return 2; }
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                            0
                        };
                        let d_then = is_back(*then_bb);
                        let d_else = is_back(*else_bb);
                        let choose_body = if d_then > 0 && d_else == 0 { Some((*then_bb, *else_bb)) }
                            else if d_else > 0 && d_then == 0 { Some((*else_bb, *then_bb)) }
                            else if d_then > 0 && d_else > 0 { if d_then <= d_else { Some((*then_bb, *else_bb)) } else { Some((*else_bb, *then_bb)) } }
                            else { None };
                        if let Some((body_sel, after_sel)) = choose_body {
                            let body_block = func.blocks.get(&body_sel).unwrap();
                            handled_by_loopform = instructions::lower_while_loopform(
                                codegen, &mut cursor, &mut resolver, func, llvm_func, condition, &body_block.instructions,
                                loopform_loop_id, &fn_label, *bid, body_sel, after_sel, &bb_map, &vmap, &preds, &block_end_values,
                                &mut loopform_registry, &mut loopform_body_to_header,
                            )?;
                            loopform_loop_id = loopform_loop_id.wrapping_add(1);
                        }
                    }
                    if !handled_by_loopform {
                        instructions::emit_branch(codegen, &mut cursor, &mut resolver, *bid, condition, then_bb, else_bb, &bb_map, &phis_by_block, &vmap, &preds, &block_end_values)?;
                    }
                }
                _ => {
                    cursor.at_end(*bid, bb);
                    if let Some(next_bid) = block_ids.get(bi + 1) {
                        instructions::emit_jump(codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, next_bid, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
                    } else {
                        let entry_first = func.entry_block;
                        instructions::emit_jump(codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, &entry_first, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            if std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                eprintln!("[LLVM] no terminator in MIR for bb={} (fallback)", bid.as_u32());
            }
            cursor.at_end(*bid, bb);
            if let Some(next_bid) = block_ids.get(bi + 1) {
                instructions::emit_jump(codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, next_bid, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
            } else {
                let entry_first = func.entry_block;
                instructions::emit_jump(codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, &entry_first, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
            }
        }
        if unsafe { bb.get_terminator() }.is_none() {
            if std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                eprintln!("[LLVM] extra guard inserting fallback for bb={}", bid.as_u32());
            }
            cursor.at_end(*bid, bb);
            if let Some(next_bid) = block_ids.get(bi + 1) {
                instructions::emit_jump(codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, next_bid, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
            } else {
                let entry_first = func.entry_block;
                instructions::emit_jump(codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, &entry_first, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
            }
        }
            if sealed_mode {
                instructions::flow::seal_block(codegen, &mut cursor, func, *bid, &succs, &bb_map, &phis_by_block, &block_end_values)?;
                sealed_blocks.insert(*bid);
            }
    }
    if std::env::var("NYASH_ENABLE_LOOPFORM").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") &&
       std::env::var("NYASH_LOOPFORM_LATCH2HEADER").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
        for (hdr_bid, (_dispatch_bb, _tag_phi, _payload_phi, latch_bb)) in &loopform_registry {
            if let Some(phis) = phis_by_block.get(hdr_bid) {
                instructions::normalize_header_phis_for_latch(
                    codegen,
                    *hdr_bid,
                    *latch_bb,
                    phis,
                )?;
            }
        }
        instructions::dev_check_dispatch_only_phi(&phis_by_block, &loopform_registry);
    }
    for bb in llvm_func.get_basic_blocks() {
        if unsafe { bb.get_terminator() }.is_none() {
            codegen.builder.position_at_end(bb);
            let _ = codegen.builder.build_unreachable();
        }
    }
    if !llvm_func.verify(true) {
        if std::env::var("NYASH_LLVM_DUMP_ON_FAIL").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
            let ir = codegen.module.print_to_string().to_string();
            let dump_dir = std::path::Path::new("tmp");
            let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(dump_dir);
            let dump_path = dump_dir.join(format!("llvm_fail_{}.ll", sanitize_symbol(name)));
            let _ = std::fs::write(&dump_path, ir);
            eprintln!("[LLVM] wrote IR dump: {}", dump_path.display());
        }
        return Err(format!("Function verification failed: {}", name));
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn emit_wrapper_and_object<'ctx>(
    codegen: &CodegenContext<'ctx>,
    entry_name: &str,
    output_path: &str,
) -> Result<(), String> {
    let i64t = codegen.context.i64_type();
    let ny_main_ty = i64t.fn_type(&[], false);
    let ny_main = codegen.module.add_function("ny_main", ny_main_ty, None);
    let entry_bb = codegen.context.append_basic_block(ny_main, "entry");
    codegen.builder.position_at_end(entry_bb);
    let entry_sym = format!("ny_f_{}", sanitize_symbol(&entry_name));
    let entry_fn = codegen
        .module
        .get_function(&entry_sym)
        .ok_or_else(|| format!("entry function symbol not found: {}", entry_sym))?;
    let call = codegen.builder.build_call(entry_fn, &[], "call_main").map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    let rv = call.try_as_basic_value().left();
    let ret_v = if let Some(v) = rv {
        match v {
            BasicValueEnum::IntValue(iv) => {
                if iv.get_type().get_bit_width() == 64 { iv } else { codegen.builder.build_int_z_extend(iv, i64t, "ret_zext").map_err(|e| e.to_string())? }
            }
            BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(pv) => codegen.builder.build_ptr_to_int(pv, i64t, "ret_p2i").map_err(|e| e.to_string())?,
            BasicValueEnum::FloatValue(fv) => codegen.builder.build_float_to_signed_int(fv, i64t, "ret_f2i").map_err(|e| e.to_string())?,
            _ => i64t.const_zero(),
        }
    } else { i64t.const_zero() };
    codegen.builder.build_return(Some(&ret_v)).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    if !ny_main.verify(true) { return Err("ny_main verification failed".to_string()); }
    let verbose = std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1");
    if verbose { eprintln!("[LLVM] emitting object to {} (begin)", output_path); }
    match codegen.target_machine.write_to_file(&codegen.module, inkwell::targets::FileType::Object, std::path::Path::new(output_path)) {
        Ok(_) => {
            if std::fs::metadata(output_path).is_err() {
                let buf = codegen.target_machine.write_to_memory_buffer(&codegen.module, inkwell::targets::FileType::Object).map_err(|e| format!("Failed to get object buffer: {}", e))?;
                std::fs::write(output_path, buf.as_slice()).map_err(|e| format!("Failed to write object to '{}': {}", output_path, e))?;
                if verbose { eprintln!("[LLVM] wrote object via memory buffer fallback: {} ({} bytes)", output_path, buf.get_size()); }
            } else if verbose {
                if let Ok(meta) = std::fs::metadata(output_path) { eprintln!("[LLVM] wrote object via file API: {} ({} bytes)", output_path, meta.len()); }
            }
            if verbose { eprintln!("[LLVM] emit complete (Ok branch) for {}", output_path); }
            Ok(())
        }
        Err(e) => {
            let buf = codegen.target_machine.write_to_memory_buffer(&codegen.module, inkwell::targets::FileType::Object).map_err(|ee| format!("Failed to write object ({}); and memory buffer failed: {}", e, ee))?;
            std::fs::write(output_path, buf.as_slice()).map_err(|ee| format!("Failed to write object to '{}': {} (original error: {})", output_path, ee, e))?;
            if verbose { eprintln!("[LLVM] wrote object via error fallback: {} ({} bytes)", output_path, buf.get_size()); eprintln!("[LLVM] emit complete (Err branch handled) for {}", output_path); }
            Ok(())
        }
    }
}

impl LLVMCompiler {
    pub fn new() -> Result<Self, String> {
        Ok(Self {
            values: HashMap::new(),
        })
    }

    pub fn compile_module(&self, mir_module: &MirModule, output_path: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
        if std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
            eprintln!(
                "[LLVM] compile_module start: functions={}, out={}",
                mir_module.functions.len(),
                output_path
            );
        }
        let context = Context::create();
        let codegen = CodegenContext::new(&context, "nyash_module")?;
        let box_type_ids = crate::backend::llvm::box_types::load_box_type_ids();

        // Find entry function
        let (entry_name, _entry_func_ref) = if let Some((n, f)) = mir_module
            .functions
            .iter()
            .find(|(_n, f)| f.metadata.is_entry_point)
        {
            (n.clone(), f)
        } else if let Some(f) = mir_module.functions.get("Main.main") {
            ("Main.main".to_string(), f)
        } else if let Some(f) = mir_module.functions.get("main") {
            ("main".to_string(), f)
        } else if let Some((n, f)) = mir_module.functions.iter().next() {
            (n.clone(), f)
        } else {
            return Err("Main.main function not found in module".to_string());
        };

        // Predeclare all MIR functions as LLVM functions
        let mut llvm_funcs: HashMap<String, FunctionValue> = HashMap::new();
        for (name, f) in &mir_module.functions {
            let ret_bt = match f.signature.return_type {
                crate::mir::MirType::Void => codegen.context.i64_type().into(),
                ref t => map_type(codegen.context, t)?,
            };
            let mut params_bt: Vec<BasicTypeEnum> = Vec::new();
            for pt in &f.signature.params {
                params_bt.push(map_type(codegen.context, pt)?);
            }
            let ll_fn_ty = match ret_bt {
                BasicTypeEnum::IntType(t) => t.fn_type(&params_bt.iter().map(|t| (*t).into()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), false),
                BasicTypeEnum::FloatType(t) => t.fn_type(&params_bt.iter().map(|t| (*t).into()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), false),
                BasicTypeEnum::PointerType(t) => t.fn_type(&params_bt.iter().map(|t| (*t).into()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), false),
                _ => return Err("Unsupported return basic type".to_string()),
            };
            let sym = format!("ny_f_{}", sanitize_symbol(name));
            let lf = codegen.module.add_function(&sym, ll_fn_ty, None);
            llvm_funcs.insert(name.clone(), lf);
        }

        // Lower all functions
        for (name, func) in &mir_module.functions {
            let llvm_func = *llvm_funcs.get(name).ok_or("predecl not found")?;
            lower_one_function(&codegen, llvm_func, func, name, &box_type_ids, &llvm_funcs)?;
        }

        // Build entry wrapper and emit object
        emit_wrapper_and_object(&codegen, &entry_name, output_path)
    }
}

/*
                        MirInstruction::NewBox { dst, box_type, args } => {
                            instructions::lower_newbox(
                                &codegen,
                                &mut cursor,
                                &mut resolver,
                                *bid,
                                &mut vmap,
                                *dst,
                                box_type,
                                args,
                                &box_type_ids,
                                &bb_map,
                                &preds,
                                &block_end_values,
                            )?;
                            defined_in_block.insert(*dst);
                        },
                        MirInstruction::Const { dst, value } => {
                            let bval = match value {
                            ConstValue::Integer(i) => {
                                codegen.context.i64_type().const_int(*i as u64, true).into()
                            }
                            ConstValue::Float(f) => {
                                codegen.context.f64_type().const_float(*f).into()
                            }
                            ConstValue::Bool(b) => codegen
                                .context
                                .bool_type()
                                .const_int(*b as u64, false)
                                .into(),
                            ConstValue::String(s) => {
                                // Hoist string creation to entry block to dominate all uses.
                                // If the entry block already has a terminator, insert just before it.
                                let entry_term = unsafe { entry_bb.get_terminator() };
                                if let Some(t) = entry_term { entry_builder.position_before(&t); }
                                else { entry_builder.position_at_end(entry_bb); }
                                let gv = entry_builder
                                    .build_global_string_ptr(s, "str")
                                    .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
                                let len = codegen.context.i32_type().const_int(s.len() as u64, false);
                                let rt = codegen.context.ptr_type(inkwell::AddressSpace::from(0));
                                let fn_ty = rt.fn_type(&[
                                    codegen.context.ptr_type(inkwell::AddressSpace::from(0)).into(),
                                    codegen.context.i32_type().into(),
                                ], false);
                                let callee = codegen
                                    .module
                                    .get_function("nyash_string_new")
                                    .unwrap_or_else(|| codegen.module.add_function("nyash_string_new", fn_ty, None));
                                let call = entry_builder
                                    .build_call(callee, &[gv.as_pointer_value().into(), len.into()], "strnew")
                                    .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
                                call.try_as_basic_value().left().ok_or("nyash_string_new returned void".to_string())?
                            }
                            ConstValue::Null => codegen
                                .context
                                .ptr_type(inkwell::AddressSpace::from(0))
                                .const_zero()
                                .into(),
                            ConstValue::Void => {
                                // Use i64 0 as a neutral placeholder for void constants in MIR.
                                // This keeps the value map total without impacting semantics.
                                codegen.context.i64_type().const_zero().into()
                            }
                        };
                            vmap.insert(*dst, bval);
                            defined_in_block.insert(*dst);
                        },
                        MirInstruction::Call { dst, func: callee, args, .. } => {
                        instructions::lower_call(
                            &codegen,
                            &mut cursor,
                            &mut resolver,
                            *bid,
                            func,
                            &mut vmap,
                            dst,
                            callee,
                            args,
                            &const_strs,
                            &llvm_funcs,
                            &bb_map,
                            &preds,
                            &block_end_values,
                        )?;
                            if let Some(d) = dst { defined_in_block.insert(*d); }
                        }
                        MirInstruction::BoxCall {
                            dst,
                            box_val,
                            method,
                            method_id,
                            args,
                            effects: _,
                        } => {
                        // Delegate to refactored lowering and skip legacy body
                        {
                            instructions::lower_boxcall(
                                &codegen,
                                &mut cursor,
                                &mut resolver,
                                *bid,
                                func,
                                &mut vmap,
                                dst,
                                box_val,
                                method,
                                method_id,
                                args,
                                &box_type_ids,
                                &entry_builder,
                                &bb_map,
                                &preds,
                                &block_end_values,
                            )?;
                        }
                        if let Some(d) = dst { defined_in_block.insert(*d); }
                        },
                    MirInstruction::ExternCall { dst, iface_name, method_name, args, effects: _ } => {
                        instructions::lower_externcall(
                            &codegen,
                            &mut cursor,
                            &mut resolver,
                            *bid,
                            func,
                            &mut vmap,
                            dst,
                            iface_name,
                            method_name,
                            args,
                            &bb_map,
                            &preds,
                            &block_end_values,
                        )?;
                        if let Some(d) = dst { defined_in_block.insert(*d); }
                    },
                    MirInstruction::UnaryOp { dst, op, operand } => {
                        instructions::lower_unary(
                            &codegen,
                            &mut cursor,
                            &mut resolver,
                            *bid,
                            func,
                            &mut vmap,
                            *dst,
                            op,
                            operand,
                            &bb_map,
                            &preds,
                            &block_end_values,
                        )?;
                        defined_in_block.insert(*dst);
                    },
                    MirInstruction::BinOp { dst, op, lhs, rhs } => {
                        instructions::lower_binop(&codegen, &mut cursor, &mut resolver, *bid, func, &mut vmap, *dst, op, lhs, rhs, &bb_map, &preds, &block_end_values)?;
                        defined_in_block.insert(*dst);
                    },
                    MirInstruction::Compare { dst, op, lhs, rhs } => {
                        let out = instructions::lower_compare(&codegen, &mut cursor, &mut resolver, *bid, func, &vmap, op, lhs, rhs, &bb_map, &preds, &block_end_values)?;
                        vmap.insert(*dst, out);
                        defined_in_block.insert(*dst);
                    },
                    MirInstruction::Store { value, ptr } => {
                        instructions::lower_store(
                            &codegen,
                            &mut cursor,
                            &mut resolver,
                            *bid,
                            &vmap,
                            &mut allocas,
                            &mut alloca_elem_types,
                            value,
                            ptr,
                            &bb_map,
                            &preds,
                            &block_end_values,
                        )?;
                    },
                    MirInstruction::Load { dst, ptr } => {
                        instructions::lower_load(&codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, &mut vmap, &mut allocas, &mut alloca_elem_types, dst, ptr)?;
                        defined_in_block.insert(*dst);
                    },
                    MirInstruction::Phi { .. } => {
                        // Already created in pre-pass; nothing to do here.
                    }
                    _ => { /* ignore other ops for 11.1 */ },
                }
                // Capture a filtered snapshot of the value map at the end of this block's body
                let mut snap: HashMap<ValueId, BasicValueEnum> = HashMap::new();
                for vid in &defined_in_block { if let Some(v) = vmap.get(vid).copied() { snap.insert(*vid, v); } }
                block_end_values.insert(*bid, snap);
            }
            // Emit terminators and provide a conservative fallback when absent
            if let Some(term) = &block.terminator {
                if std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                    eprintln!("[LLVM] terminator present for bb={}", bid.as_u32());
                }
                // Ensure builder is positioned at current block before emitting terminator
                cursor.at_end(*bid, bb);
                match term {
                    MirInstruction::Return { value } => {
                        instructions::emit_return(
                            &codegen,
                            &mut cursor,
                            &mut resolver,
                            *bid,
                            func,
                            &vmap,
                            value,
                            &bb_map,
                            &preds,
                            &block_end_values,
                        )?;
                    }
                    MirInstruction::Jump { target } => {
                        // LoopForm simple body→dispatch wiring: if this block is a loop body
                        // and jumps back to its header, redirect to dispatch and add PHI incoming
                        let mut handled = false;
                        if std::env::var("NYASH_ENABLE_LOOPFORM").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") &&
                           std::env::var("NYASH_LOOPFORM_BODY2DISPATCH").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                            if let Some(hdr) = loopform_body_to_header.get(bid) {
                                if hdr == target {
                                    if let Some((dispatch_bb, tag_phi, payload_phi, _latch_bb)) = loopform_registry.get(hdr) {
                                        // Add Next(tag=0) + payload=0 incoming from this pred
                                        let i8t = codegen.context.i8_type();
                                        let i64t = codegen.context.i64_type();
                                        let pred_llbb = *bb_map.get(bid).ok_or("loopform: body llbb missing")?;
                                        let z = i8t.const_zero();
                                        let pz = i64t.const_zero();
                                        tag_phi.add_incoming(&[(&z, pred_llbb)]);
                                        payload_phi.add_incoming(&[(&pz, pred_llbb)]);
                                        // Redirect to dispatch
                                        cursor.emit_term(*bid, |b| {
                                            b.build_unconditional_branch(*dispatch_bb).map_err(|e| e.to_string()).unwrap();
                                        });
                                        handled = true;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        if !handled {
                            instructions::emit_jump(&codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, target, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
                        }
                    }
                    MirInstruction::Branch { condition, then_bb, else_bb } => {
                        // LoopForm Phase 1 (gated): detect simple while-pattern and rewire header
                        let mut handled_by_loopform = false;
                        if std::env::var("NYASH_ENABLE_LOOPFORM").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                            // Helper: minimal back-edge detection allowing up to 2-step jump chains via Jump-only
                            let mut is_back = |start: crate::mir::BasicBlockId| -> u8 {
                                // direct jump back
                                if let Some(b) = func.blocks.get(&start) {
                                    if let Some(crate::mir::instruction::MirInstruction::Jump { target }) = &b.terminator {
                                        if target == bid { return 1; }
                                        // one more hop if that block is a Jump back to header
                                        if let Some(b2) = func.blocks.get(target) {
                                            if let Some(crate::mir::instruction::MirInstruction::Jump { target: t2 }) = &b2.terminator {
                                                if t2 == bid { return 2; }
                                            }
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                                0
                            };
                            let d_then = is_back(*then_bb);
                            let d_else = is_back(*else_bb);
                            let choose_body = if d_then > 0 && d_else == 0 {
                                Some((*then_bb, *else_bb))
                            } else if d_else > 0 && d_then == 0 {
                                Some((*else_bb, *then_bb))
                            } else if d_then > 0 && d_else > 0 {
                                // Prefer shorter back-edge; tie-breaker favors then
                                if d_then <= d_else { Some((*then_bb, *else_bb)) } else { Some((*else_bb, *then_bb)) }
                            } else { None };
                            if let Some((body_sel, after_sel)) = choose_body {
                                let body_block = func.blocks.get(&body_sel).unwrap();
                                if std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                                    eprintln!(
                                        "[LoopForm] detect while-pattern+: header={} body={} after={} (id={})",
                                        bid.as_u32(), body_sel.as_u32(), after_sel.as_u32(), loopform_loop_id
                                    );
                                }
                                handled_by_loopform = instructions::lower_while_loopform(
                                    &codegen,
                                    &mut cursor,
                                    &mut resolver,
                                    func,
                                    llvm_func,
                                    condition,
                                    &body_block.instructions,
                                    loopform_loop_id,
                                    &fn_label,
                                    *bid,
                                    body_sel,
                                    after_sel,
                                    &bb_map,
                                    &vmap,
                                    &preds,
                                    &block_end_values,
                                    &mut loopform_registry,
                                    &mut loopform_body_to_header,
                                )?;
                                loopform_loop_id = loopform_loop_id.wrapping_add(1);
                            }
                        }
                        if !handled_by_loopform {
                            instructions::emit_branch(&codegen, &mut cursor, &mut resolver, *bid, condition, then_bb, else_bb, &bb_map, &phis_by_block, &vmap, &preds, &block_end_values)?;
                        }
                    }
                    _ => {
                        // Ensure builder is at this block before fallback branch
                        cursor.at_end(*bid, bb);
                        // Unknown/unhandled terminator: conservatively branch forward
                        if let Some(next_bid) = block_ids.get(bi + 1) {
                            if std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                                eprintln!("[LLVM] unknown terminator fallback: bb={} -> next={}", bid.as_u32(), next_bid.as_u32());
                            }
                            instructions::emit_jump(&codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, next_bid, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
                        } else {
                            let entry_first = func.entry_block;
                            if std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                                eprintln!("[LLVM] unknown terminator fallback: bb={} -> entry={}", bid.as_u32(), entry_first.as_u32());
                            }
                            instructions::emit_jump(&codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, &entry_first, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
                        }
                    }
                }
            } else {
                if std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                    eprintln!("[LLVM] no terminator in MIR for bb={} (fallback)", bid.as_u32());
                }
                // Ensure builder is at this block before fallback branch
                cursor.at_end(*bid, bb);
                // Fallback: branch to the next block if any; otherwise loop to entry
                if let Some(next_bid) = block_ids.get(bi + 1) {
                    instructions::emit_jump(&codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, next_bid, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
                } else {
                    // last block, loop to entry to satisfy verifier
                    let entry_first = func.entry_block;
                    instructions::emit_jump(&codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, &entry_first, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
                }
            }
            // Extra guard: if the current LLVM basic block still lacks a terminator for any reason,
            // insert a conservative branch to the next block (or entry if last) to satisfy verifier.
            if unsafe { bb.get_terminator() }.is_none() {
                if std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                    eprintln!("[LLVM] extra guard inserting fallback for bb={}", bid.as_u32());
                }
                // Ensure the builder is positioned at the end of this block before inserting the fallback terminator
                cursor.at_end(*bid, bb);
                if let Some(next_bid) = block_ids.get(bi + 1) {
                    if std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                        eprintln!("[LLVM] fallback terminator: bb={} -> next={}", bid.as_u32(), next_bid.as_u32());
                    }
                    instructions::emit_jump(&codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, next_bid, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
                } else {
                    let entry_first = func.entry_block;
                    if std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                        eprintln!("[LLVM] fallback terminator: bb={} -> entry={}", bid.as_u32(), entry_first.as_u32());
                    }
                    instructions::emit_jump(&codegen, &mut cursor, *bid, &entry_first, &bb_map, &phis_by_block)?;
                }
            }
                if sealed_mode {
                    instructions::flow::seal_block(&codegen, &mut cursor, func, *bid, &succs, &bb_map, &phis_by_block, &block_end_values)?;
                    sealed_blocks.insert(*bid);
                    // In sealed mode, we rely on seal_block to add incoming per pred when each pred is sealed.
                    // finalize_phis is intentionally skipped to avoid duplicate incoming entries.
                    // LoopForm latch→header is normalized in a separate post-pass below.
                }
            }
        // LoopForm header PHI normalization when latch→header is enabled (post-pass per function)
        if std::env::var("NYASH_ENABLE_LOOPFORM").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") &&
           std::env::var("NYASH_LOOPFORM_LATCH2HEADER").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
            for (hdr_bid, (_dispatch_bb, _tag_phi, _payload_phi, latch_bb)) in &loopform_registry {
                if let Some(phis) = phis_by_block.get(hdr_bid) {
                    instructions::normalize_header_phis_for_latch(
                        &codegen,
                        *hdr_bid,
                        *latch_bb,
                        phis,
                    )?;
                }
            }
            // Dev check (optional): ensure PHIs live only in dispatch blocks
            instructions::dev_check_dispatch_only_phi(&phis_by_block, &loopform_registry);
        }
        // Finalize function: ensure every basic block is closed with a terminator.
        // As a last resort, insert 'unreachable' into blocks that remain unterminated.
        for bb in llvm_func.get_basic_blocks() {
            if unsafe { bb.get_terminator() }.is_none() {
                codegen.builder.position_at_end(bb);
                let _ = codegen.builder.build_unreachable();
            }
        }
        // Verify the fully-lowered function once, after all blocks
        if !llvm_func.verify(true) {
            if std::env::var("NYASH_LLVM_DUMP_ON_FAIL").ok().as_deref() == Some("1") {
                let ir = codegen.module.print_to_string().to_string();
                let dump_dir = std::path::Path::new("tmp");
                let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(dump_dir);
                let dump_path = dump_dir.join(format!("llvm_fail_{}.ll", sanitize(name)));
                if let Err(e) = std::fs::write(&dump_path, ir) {
                    eprintln!("[LLVM] failed to write IR dump: {}", e);
                } else {
                    eprintln!("[LLVM] wrote IR dump: {}", dump_path.display());
                }
            }
            return Err(format!("Function verification failed: {}", name));
        }

        }
        // End of per-function lowering loop

        // Build entry wrapper ny_main -> call entry function
        let i64t = codegen.context.i64_type();
        let ny_main_ty = i64t.fn_type(&[], false);
        let ny_main = codegen.module.add_function("ny_main", ny_main_ty, None);
        let entry_bb = codegen.context.append_basic_block(ny_main, "entry");
        codegen.builder.position_at_end(entry_bb);
        let entry_sym = format!("ny_f_{}", sanitize(&entry_name));
        let entry_fn = codegen
            .module
            .get_function(&entry_sym)
            .ok_or_else(|| format!("entry function symbol not found: {}", entry_sym))?;
        let call = codegen
            .builder
            .build_call(entry_fn, &[], "call_main")
            .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
        let rv = call.try_as_basic_value().left();
        // Normalize to i64 return
        let ret_v = if let Some(v) = rv {
            match v {
                BasicValueEnum::IntValue(iv) => {
                    if iv.get_type().get_bit_width() == 64 {
                        iv
                    } else {
                        codegen
                            .builder
                            .build_int_z_extend(iv, i64t, "ret_zext")
                            .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?
                    }
                }
                BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(pv) => codegen
                    .builder
                    .build_ptr_to_int(pv, i64t, "ret_p2i")
                    .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?,
                BasicValueEnum::FloatValue(fv) => codegen
                    .builder
                    .build_float_to_signed_int(fv, i64t, "ret_f2i")
                    .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?,
                _ => i64t.const_zero(),
            }
        } else {
            i64t.const_zero()
        };
        codegen.builder.build_return(Some(&ret_v)).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;

        // Verify and emit final object
        if !ny_main.verify(true) {
            return Err("ny_main verification failed".to_string());
        }
        // Try writing via file API first; if it succeeds but file is missing due to env/FS quirks,
        // also write via memory buffer as a fallback to ensure presence.
        let verbose = std::env::var("NYASH_CLI_VERBOSE").ok().as_deref() == Some("1");
        if verbose {
            eprintln!("[LLVM] emitting object to {} (begin)", output_path);
        }
        match codegen.target_machine.write_to_file(
            &codegen.module,
            inkwell::targets::FileType::Object,
            std::path::Path::new(output_path),
        ) {
            Ok(_) => {
                // Verify; if missing, fallback to memory buffer write
                if std::fs::metadata(output_path).is_err() {
                    let buf = codegen
                        .target_machine
                        .write_to_memory_buffer(&codegen.module, inkwell::targets::FileType::Object)
                        .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to get object buffer: {}", e))?;
                    std::fs::write(output_path, buf.as_slice()).map_err(|e| {
                        format!("Failed to write object to '{}': {}", output_path, e)
                    })?;
                    if verbose {
                        eprintln!(
                            "[LLVM] wrote object via memory buffer fallback: {} ({} bytes)",
                            output_path,
                            buf.get_size()
                        );
                    }
                } else if verbose {
                    if let Ok(meta) = std::fs::metadata(output_path) {
                        eprintln!(
                            "[LLVM] wrote object via file API: {} ({} bytes)",
                            output_path,
                            meta.len()
                        );
                    }
                }
                if verbose {
                    eprintln!("[LLVM] emit complete (Ok branch) for {}", output_path);
                }
                Ok(())
            }
            Err(e) => {
                // Fallback: memory buffer
                let buf = codegen
                    .target_machine
                    .write_to_memory_buffer(&codegen.module, inkwell::targets::FileType::Object)
                    .map_err(|ee| {
                        format!(
                            "Failed to write object ({}); and memory buffer failed: {}",
                            e, ee
                        )
                    })?;
                std::fs::write(output_path, buf.as_slice()).map_err(|ee| {
                    format!(
                        "Failed to write object to '{}': {} (original error: {})",
                        output_path, ee, e
                    )
                })?;
                if verbose {
                    eprintln!(
                        "[LLVM] wrote object via error fallback: {} ({} bytes)",
                        output_path,
                        buf.get_size()
                    );
                }
                if verbose {
                    eprintln!(
                        "[LLVM] emit complete (Err branch handled) for {}",
                        output_path
                    );
                }
                Ok(())
            }
        }
    }
}
Old duplicate lowering block removed
*/

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_compiler_creation() {
        let compiler = LLVMCompiler::new();
        assert!(compiler.is_ok());
    }
}