hakmem/core/box/ss_legacy_backend_box.c

// Box: Legacy Backend (Phase 12)
// Purpose: Per-class SuperSlabHead backend (legacy implementation)

#include "ss_legacy_backend_box.h"
#include "ss_allocation_box.h"
#include "hakmem_tiny_config.h"
#include "hakmem_tiny.h"  // For tiny_self_u32
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>

// ============================================================================
// Global State
// ============================================================================

// Phase 2a: Dynamic Expansion - Global per-class SuperSlabHeads
SuperSlabHead* g_superslab_heads[TINY_NUM_CLASSES_SS] = {NULL};

// Legacy fallback hint box (per-thread, per-class)
static __thread SuperSlab* g_ss_legacy_hint_ss[TINY_NUM_CLASSES_SS];
static __thread uint8_t    g_ss_legacy_hint_slab[TINY_NUM_CLASSES_SS];

// ============================================================================
// Hint Box (Optional Optimization)
// ============================================================================

void hak_tiny_ss_hint_record(int class_idx, SuperSlab* ss, int slab_idx)
{
    if (class_idx < 0 || class_idx >= TINY_NUM_CLASSES_SS) return;
    if (!ss || slab_idx < 0 || slab_idx >= ss_slabs_capacity(ss)) return;
    g_ss_legacy_hint_ss[class_idx] = ss;
    g_ss_legacy_hint_slab[class_idx] = (uint8_t)slab_idx;
}

void* hak_tiny_alloc_superslab_backend_hint(int class_idx)
{
    static int g_hint_enabled = -1;
    if (__builtin_expect(g_hint_enabled == -1, 0)) {
        const char* e = getenv("HAKMEM_TINY_SS_LEGACY_HINT");
        g_hint_enabled = (e && *e && *e != '0') ? 1 : 0;
    }
    if (!g_hint_enabled) {
        return NULL;
    }
    if (class_idx < 0 || class_idx >= TINY_NUM_CLASSES_SS) {
        return NULL;
    }

    SuperSlab* ss = g_ss_legacy_hint_ss[class_idx];
    int slab_idx = (int)g_ss_legacy_hint_slab[class_idx];
    if (!ss) {
        return NULL;
    }

    // Basic sanity: Superslab still alive?
    if (ss->magic != SUPERSLAB_MAGIC) {
        g_ss_legacy_hint_ss[class_idx] = NULL;
        return NULL;
    }
    if (slab_idx < 0 || slab_idx >= ss_slabs_capacity(ss)) {
        g_ss_legacy_hint_ss[class_idx] = NULL;
        return NULL;
    }

    TinySlabMeta* meta = &ss->slabs[slab_idx];
    if (meta->capacity == 0 || meta->used >= meta->capacity) {
        // Hint slab exhausted; clear and fall back.
        g_ss_legacy_hint_ss[class_idx] = NULL;
        return NULL;
    }
    if (meta->class_idx != (uint8_t)class_idx && meta->class_idx != 255) {
        // Different class bound; hint no longer valid.
        g_ss_legacy_hint_ss[class_idx] = NULL;
        return NULL;
    }

    size_t stride = tiny_block_stride_for_class(class_idx);
    size_t offset = (size_t)meta->used * stride;
    size_t slab_base_off = SUPERSLAB_SLAB0_DATA_OFFSET
                         + (size_t)slab_idx * SUPERSLAB_SLAB_USABLE_SIZE;
    uint8_t* base = (uint8_t*)ss + slab_base_off + offset;

    meta->used++;
    atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&ss->total_active_blocks, 1, memory_order_relaxed);

    // Keep hint as long as there is remaining capacity.
    if (meta->used >= meta->capacity) {
        g_ss_legacy_hint_ss[class_idx] = NULL;
    }

    return (void*)base;
}

// ============================================================================
// Legacy Backend Implementation
// ============================================================================

/*
 * Legacy backend for hak_tiny_alloc_superslab_box().
 *
 * Phase 12 Stage A/B:
 *  - Uses per-class SuperSlabHead (g_superslab_heads) as the implementation.
 *  - Callers MUST use hak_tiny_alloc_superslab_box() and never touch this directly.
 *  - Later Stage C: this function will be replaced by a shared_pool backend.
 */
void* hak_tiny_alloc_superslab_backend_legacy(int class_idx)
{
    if (class_idx < 0 || class_idx >= TINY_NUM_CLASSES_SS) {
        return NULL;
    }

    SuperSlabHead* head = g_superslab_heads[class_idx];
    if (!head) {
        head = init_superslab_head(class_idx);
        if (!head) {
            return NULL;
        }
        g_superslab_heads[class_idx] = head;
    }

    SuperSlab* chunk = head->current_chunk ? head->current_chunk : head->first_chunk;

    while (chunk) {
        int cap = ss_slabs_capacity(chunk);
        for (int slab_idx = 0; slab_idx < cap; slab_idx++) {
            TinySlabMeta* meta = &chunk->slabs[slab_idx];

            // Skip slabs that belong to a different class (or are uninitialized).
            if (meta->class_idx != (uint8_t)class_idx && meta->class_idx != 255) {
                continue;
            }

            // P1.2 FIX: Initialize slab on first use (like shared backend does)
            // This ensures class_map is populated for all slabs, not just slab 0
            if (meta->capacity == 0) {
                size_t block_size = g_tiny_class_sizes[class_idx];
                uint32_t owner_tid = (uint32_t)(uintptr_t)pthread_self();
                superslab_init_slab(chunk, slab_idx, block_size, owner_tid);
                meta = &chunk->slabs[slab_idx];  // Refresh pointer after init
                meta->class_idx = (uint8_t)class_idx;
                // P1.2: Update class_map for dynamic slab initialization
                chunk->class_map[slab_idx] = (uint8_t)class_idx;
            }

            if (meta->used < meta->capacity) {
                // NOTE: Geometry validation removed (redundant)
                // Stride table is now correct in tiny_block_stride_for_class(),
                // and shared_pool validates geometry at acquisition time.
                size_t stride = tiny_block_stride_for_class(class_idx);
                size_t offset = (size_t)meta->used * stride;
                uint8_t* base = (uint8_t*)chunk
                              + SUPERSLAB_SLAB0_DATA_OFFSET
                              + (size_t)slab_idx * SUPERSLAB_SLAB_USABLE_SIZE
                              + offset;

                hak_tiny_ss_hint_record(class_idx, chunk, slab_idx);
                meta->used++;
                atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&chunk->total_active_blocks, 1, memory_order_relaxed);
                return (void*)base;
            }
        }
        chunk = chunk->next_chunk;
    }

    if (expand_superslab_head(head) < 0) {
        return NULL;
    }

    SuperSlab* new_chunk = head->current_chunk;
    if (!new_chunk) {
        return NULL;
    }

    int cap2 = ss_slabs_capacity(new_chunk);
    for (int slab_idx = 0; slab_idx < cap2; slab_idx++) {
        TinySlabMeta* meta = &new_chunk->slabs[slab_idx];

        // P1.2 FIX: Initialize slab on first use (like shared backend does)
        if (meta->capacity == 0) {
            size_t block_size = g_tiny_class_sizes[class_idx];
            uint32_t owner_tid = (uint32_t)(uintptr_t)pthread_self();
            superslab_init_slab(new_chunk, slab_idx, block_size, owner_tid);
            meta = &new_chunk->slabs[slab_idx];  // Refresh pointer after init
            meta->class_idx = (uint8_t)class_idx;
            // P1.2: Update class_map for dynamic slab initialization
            new_chunk->class_map[slab_idx] = (uint8_t)class_idx;
        }

        if (meta->used < meta->capacity) {
            size_t stride = tiny_block_stride_for_class(class_idx);
            size_t offset = (size_t)meta->used * stride;
            uint8_t* base = (uint8_t*)new_chunk
                          + SUPERSLAB_SLAB0_DATA_OFFSET
                          + (size_t)slab_idx * SUPERSLAB_SLAB_USABLE_SIZE
                          + offset;

            hak_tiny_ss_hint_record(class_idx, new_chunk, slab_idx);
            meta->used++;
            atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&new_chunk->total_active_blocks, 1, memory_order_relaxed);
            return (void*)base;
        }
    }

    return NULL;
}

// ============================================================================
// SuperSlabHead Management
// ============================================================================

// Initialize SuperSlabHead for a class
SuperSlabHead* init_superslab_head(int class_idx) {
    if (class_idx < 0 || class_idx >= TINY_NUM_CLASSES_SS) {
        return NULL;
    }

    // Allocate SuperSlabHead structure
    SuperSlabHead* head = (SuperSlabHead*)calloc(1, sizeof(SuperSlabHead));
    if (!head) {
        extern __thread int g_hakmem_lock_depth;
        g_hakmem_lock_depth++;
        fprintf(stderr, "[HAKMEM] CRITICAL: Failed to allocate SuperSlabHead for class %d\n", class_idx);
        g_hakmem_lock_depth--;
        return NULL;
    }

    head->class_idx = (uint8_t)class_idx;
    atomic_store_explicit(&head->total_chunks, 0, memory_order_relaxed);
    head->first_chunk = NULL;
    head->current_chunk = NULL;
    pthread_mutex_init(&head->expansion_lock, NULL);

    // Allocate initial chunk(s)
    // Hot classes (1, 4, 6) get 2 initial chunks to reduce contention
    int initial_chunks = 1;

    // Phase 2a: Start with 1 chunk for all classes (expansion will handle growth)
    // This reduces startup memory overhead while still allowing unlimited growth
    initial_chunks = 1;

    for (int i = 0; i < initial_chunks; i++) {
        if (expand_superslab_head(head) < 0) {
            extern __thread int g_hakmem_lock_depth;
            g_hakmem_lock_depth++;
            fprintf(stderr, "[HAKMEM] CRITICAL: Failed to allocate initial chunk %d for class %d\n",
                    i, class_idx);
            g_hakmem_lock_depth--;

            // Cleanup on failure
            SuperSlab* chunk = head->first_chunk;
            while (chunk) {
                SuperSlab* next = chunk->next_chunk;
                superslab_free(chunk);
                chunk = next;
            }
            pthread_mutex_destroy(&head->expansion_lock);
            free(head);
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    extern __thread int g_hakmem_lock_depth;
    g_hakmem_lock_depth++;
#if !HAKMEM_BUILD_RELEASE
    fprintf(stderr, "[HAKMEM] Initialized SuperSlabHead for class %d: %zu initial chunks\n",
            class_idx, atomic_load_explicit(&head->total_chunks, memory_order_relaxed));
#endif
    g_hakmem_lock_depth--;

    return head;
}

// Expand SuperSlabHead by allocating and linking a new chunk
int expand_superslab_head(SuperSlabHead* head) {
    if (!head) {
        return -1;
    }

    // Allocate new chunk via existing superslab_allocate
    SuperSlab* new_chunk = superslab_allocate(head->class_idx);
    if (!new_chunk) {
#if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(HAKMEM_SUPERSLAB_VERBOSE)
        extern __thread int g_hakmem_lock_depth;
        g_hakmem_lock_depth++;
        fprintf(stderr, "[HAKMEM] CRITICAL: Failed to allocate new chunk for class %d (system OOM)\n",
                head->class_idx);
        g_hakmem_lock_depth--;
#endif
        return -1;  // True OOM (system out of memory)
    }

    // CRITICAL FIX: Initialize slab 0 so bitmap != 0x00000000
    // Phase 2a chunks must have at least one usable slab after allocation
    size_t block_size = g_tiny_class_sizes[head->class_idx];
    // Use pthread_self() directly since tiny_self_u32() is static inline in hakmem_tiny.c
    uint32_t owner_tid = (uint32_t)(uintptr_t)pthread_self();

    superslab_init_slab(new_chunk, 0, block_size, owner_tid);

    // CRITICAL FIX: Explicitly set class_idx to avoid C0/C7 confusion.
    // New SuperSlabs start with meta->class_idx=0 (mmap zero-init).
    new_chunk->slabs[0].class_idx = (uint8_t)head->class_idx;
    // P1.1: Update class_map for legacy backend
    new_chunk->class_map[0] = (uint8_t)head->class_idx;

    // Initialize the next_chunk link to NULL
    new_chunk->next_chunk = NULL;

    // Thread-safe linking
    pthread_mutex_lock(&head->expansion_lock);

    if (head->current_chunk) {
        // Find the tail of the list (optimization: could cache tail pointer)
        SuperSlab* tail = head->current_chunk;
        while (tail->next_chunk) {
            tail = tail->next_chunk;
        }
        tail->next_chunk = new_chunk;
    } else {
        // First chunk
        head->first_chunk = new_chunk;
    }

    // Update current chunk to new chunk (for fast allocation)
    head->current_chunk = new_chunk;

    // Increment total chunks atomically
    size_t old_count = atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&head->total_chunks, 1, memory_order_relaxed);
    size_t new_count = old_count + 1;

    pthread_mutex_unlock(&head->expansion_lock);

#if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(HAKMEM_SUPERSLAB_VERBOSE)
    extern __thread int g_hakmem_lock_depth;
    g_hakmem_lock_depth++;
    fprintf(stderr, "[HAKMEM] Expanded SuperSlabHead for class %d: %zu chunks now (bitmap=0x%08x)\n",
            head->class_idx, new_count, new_chunk->slab_bitmap);
    g_hakmem_lock_depth--;
#endif

    return 0;
}

// Find which chunk a pointer belongs to
SuperSlab* find_chunk_for_ptr(void* ptr, int class_idx) {
    if (!ptr || class_idx < 0 || class_idx >= TINY_NUM_CLASSES_SS) {
        return NULL;
    }

    SuperSlabHead* head = g_superslab_heads[class_idx];
    if (!head) {
        return NULL;
    }

    uintptr_t ptr_addr = (uintptr_t)ptr;

    // Walk the chunk list
    SuperSlab* chunk = head->first_chunk;
    while (chunk) {
        // Check if ptr is within this chunk's memory range
        // Each chunk is aligned to SUPERSLAB_SIZE (1MB or 2MB)
        uintptr_t chunk_start = (uintptr_t)chunk;
        size_t chunk_size = (size_t)1 << chunk->lg_size;  // Use actual chunk size
        uintptr_t chunk_end = chunk_start + chunk_size;

        if (ptr_addr >= chunk_start && ptr_addr < chunk_end) {
            // Found the chunk
            return chunk;
        }

        chunk = chunk->next_chunk;
    }

    return NULL;  // Not found in any chunk
}